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EOG Review

EOG Review. Earth’s History (Goal 5). Geologic Time Scale. Eons  Eras  Periods  Epochs Precambrian Time: includes the first three eons covers about _____ of Earth’s history ended 544 million years ago Phanerozoic Eon :

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EOG Review

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  1. EOG Review Earth’s History (Goal 5)

  2. Geologic Time Scale Eons  Eras  Periods  Epochs Precambrian Time: • includes the first three eons • covers about _____of Earth’s history • ended 544 million years ago Phanerozoic Eon: • divided into three eras marked by _________________ • Paleozic: Age of _________ • Mesozoic: Age of __________ • Cenozoic: Age of __________

  3. Relative Age/Relative Dating Relative age describes the age of an object or event ___________to another object or event. Principle of Superposition In horizontal sedimentary rock layers, the __________is at the bottom. Each higher layer is ________ than the layers below it.

  4. Disturbed Rock Layers ? ? ? ? An unconformity exists when rock layers have been ____________and a layer is _________.

  5. Index Fossils Index fossils are useful in telling the _____________of rock because the organism lived for a relatively short period of time but in many locations. Which of the fossils below are index fossils? Ammonites Trilobites

  6. Evidence for Climate Change Scientists study __________to determine how climate has changed on Earth. Ice cores form layers similar to rocks – ______ _______________________________________. Each layer of ice provides information about the time during which it formed: • Concentration of gases in the atmosphere • Elements that existed in Earth’s water • Substances such as dust, soot, and volcanic ash

  7. Catastrophic Events • ________________- is a belief that the earth has changed gradually over time (evolution) • ________________- is a belief that the earth has changed as a result of various catastrophes • volcanoes • earthquakes • floods • asteroid impacts

  8. Extinction of Species Causes of Extinctions • Naturally, gradually over time (_____________________) • Following a sudden, drastic change in the environment to which they cannot adapt (__________________) Effects of Extinctions • As old species disappear, _______________, such as food and shelter, may become available. • The ________________may take advantage of these resources and increase in numbers. • New species may also _____________ as _____________ allow populations to take advantage of these new resources.

  9. Three Types of Evolution Evolution is a process of ____________________________. 1. Biological – 2. Geological – 3. Technological -

  10. BIOlogical Evolution Scientist: Theory: Evidence: Finch beaks on Galapagos Islands; adaptations increase chance of survival

  11. GEOlogical Evolution Scientist: Theory: Evidence: Fossil record (ex: Mesosaurus)

  12. Movement of Tectonic Plates • Convergent – • Divergent – • Transform – Do you remember where the Ring of Fire is located? How does it get its name?

  13. Weathering Weathering is a process in which _____________ _____________________through the action of wind, water, roots and animals. Two Types of Weathering: • ______________– water seeps in cracks & freezes, plant roots, burrowing animals • _____________– air, water, salts and acids may react with minerals in rock to form new substances

  14. Monitoring Earth from Space ________________– graph that shows how a type of matter reflects different wavelengths of light ________________– the study of the reflectance of matter on Earth using satellite images Scientist use this information to monitor: • forests • soils • water

  15. Using Maps & Remote Sensing ____________– study of the Earth’s natural and artificial features by surveying and mapping • What is the difference between remote sensing and ground truthing? • Scientists use this information to monitor:

  16. Discovery EducationReview Activities www.discoveryeducation.com Login: • Username: your usernameucps • Password: your username EARTH’S HISTORY (Goal 5) 10 Explorations, Videos, etc. for you to complete as review of today’s lesson

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