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Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2

PROTEIN Just One of the Essential Nutrients. Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2. Protein:Take it off its pedestal ! B alance it with other nutrients. Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2. What do you know about Protein ?. 1. How many Calories in 8 g. of plant protein?

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Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2

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  1. PROTEIN Just One of the Essential Nutrients Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2

  2. Protein:Take it off its pedestal! Balance it with other nutrients Illustration 15.1, p. 15-2

  3. What do you know about Protein? 1. How many Calories in 8 g. of plant protein? 2. Why does protein need rise when carbs are limited? 3. Why is protein a NON-preferred fuel? 4. Most of the weight of a chicken thigh is protein. T/F 5. Protein is absorbed into the blood as______. 6. Supplement use is required to build muscle. T/F 7. Low protein intake is common in the US?

  4. Protein is…… • A non-preferred glucose source • A non-preferred energy source (4 Cals/gram) • Composed of _____ _____ (AA) Twenty common AA Nine essential (EAA) Rest non-essential (NEAA) All AA’s contain nitrogen (as an amino group)

  5. Amino Acid (AA) Structure Amino Group Acid Group (NH2) R group Unique to each AA If we can’t make it, The AA is essential

  6. NH2……… How do we get this? • Air contains N, but not in the form we need to make protein • Plants (with bacterial help) ‘fix’ N from the air into NH2 to make AAs • We eat plants (and/or animals that ate the plant) to get NH2

  7. Amino Acids  Protein • Chains of AAs make up proteins • AA type/order determine protein function • Blueprint for type/order of AA’s is in the DNA • DNA is in cell ___; Codes for ALL body proteins • Part of DNA turned on, depends on cell’s job • Gene= DNA segment that codes for specific protein (i.e. Insulin, thyroxine, enzymes, etc.)

  8. Protein on the Job • Enzymes • Some Hormones (eg insulin) • Transporters (Hgb) • Antibodies • Blood clotting proteins • Water balance • Part of muscles, organs, connective tissue • Non-preferred use of protein energy  glucose

  9. Bodies top priorities: 1. Energy 2. Glucose When necessary, protein will be used for both, before used to make body proteins.

  10. Pair and Share What are body/food sources of glucose? What are the risks associated with eating a high protein diet? What is thermogenesis? What the long term consequences of uncontrolled high BSL?

  11. Carbs spare protein! Sources of glucose • Body Source • Blood glucose • Liver and muscle glycogen • Runner up….working body proteins • Food Sources • Preferred source…carbohydrates • Runner Up….protein • Lipid/Alcohol ≠≠> glucose

  12. Do you see a protein store listed? Protein is not a stored form of energy

  13. ProteinRDA The RDA for healthy adults: • .4 g. prot./lb Ideal Body Weight (IBW) • .5-.75 recreational exercise • .6-.9 competitive exercise • VERY rarely > 1.0 g. prot./lb IBW Calculate your requirement using the Protein Calorie Estimate hand-out you brought to class.

  14. High protein diet risks/benefits? Risks • Typically lower in fiber • If animal based protein, then high saturated fat and an expensive diet. • Requires higher water intake. Why? Benefit • You won’t be protein deficient!

  15. What do you think might be some problems due to inadequate protein intake? Hint: Review slide listing jobs of body proteins/

  16. Kwashiorkor • Unable to use protein and fat normally when starving • Bloated belly • Edema - abnormal storage of water in the body

  17. Marasmus • Primary form of malnutrition globally • Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PCM) • Less developed countries……starvation • Developed countries…..anorexic, cancer patients, end stage AIDS • Emaciated appearance

  18. Protein is used to make…. • ATP ….if needed • glucose..if needed • Excess…stored as fat! Sorry, extra protein calories ARE NOT stored as protein!

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