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HEALTH. Chapter 1 Mental Health. Who is in charge of you?. You Are!. If you know where you are going, and you know why you are going there and to whom you can trust; than you need have no fear. PART 1:. STRESS. What is Stress?.
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If you know where you are going, and you know why you are going there and to whom you can trust; than you need have no fear.
PART 1: STRESS
What is Stress? Physical, emotional and mental responses to any stimulus that allows us to defend ourselves.
Key Terms~ • Stressor – Any stimulus which produces stress • Distress – Stress responses result in damage to the person’s well-being often resulting in loss of self-esteem and physical problems • Eustress – Stress responses result in improved level of self-esteem and sense of an inner locus of control. The stressors are usually desirable
3 Stages of Stress • Alarm – The body perceives stressor as an attack and prepares itself. An internal alarm signals triggering this response automatically. • Resistance – Body functions above original level of that individual’s ability due to an adrenalin rush. It is when your body works against stress • Exhaustion – Occurs when an individual does not respond to the body’s signals and consequently makes the wrong choice of those offered in resistance
How do I cope with Stress? The Three A’s: ALTER IT – Problem solving AVOID IT – Say “no” and walk away ACCEPT IT – Change your perception of the situation Other ways to cope – Express pain and fear, ask for support, show you are caring, express anger, proper sleep, proper diet, proper exercise
Barriers to Coping Chronic pessimism, holding onto past dreams and refusal to let go, belief in conflicting values, unrealistic expectations or perfectionism, inability to set limits or say “no”, avoidance of conflict or confrontation, excessive need for control
Serious Results of Stress Illness as a result of stress is called psychosomatic.It is not imaginary as many believe. Other illnesses due to stress include ulcers and migraineheadaches and some cancers.
Physical: Rapid heart beat, high blood pressure, excessive perspiration or cold sweat, trembling, feeling faint, churning stomach, indigestion, dry mouth or throat, uneven breathing, impaired coordination, slower reflexes, feelings of weakness, muscle tension, need for frequent urination, nausea Mental: Confusion or inability to: think effectively/concentrate; remember instructions, training or details; work out problems clearly and objectively. Also panic, irritability, anger, sense of unreality
Stress Management Techniques • Keep your body physically fit with proper diet, exercise and sleep. • Schedule relaxation time for yourself • Talk out your frustrations with someone to gain perspective • Learn to identify problems, then focus on problem solving, not on the frustration • Accept the fact that you cannot be all things to all people, nor should you be. • Identify your negative coping patterns and substitute them with positive ones. • Develop a support system and use it regularly • Take time to enjoy people, animals and nature each day
Even More Techniques • Pay less attention to time – take off your watch! • Regulate how many items you put on your “To Do” list and prioritize them • During lunch avoid talking about classes or conflicts in relationships. Take your full lunch period and relax • Be willing to say “no” when you need to or ask for help when you need it • Accept compliments that are due – associate with people that make you feel good • Find a place where you can go to sit quietly for 5 minutes, or take a brief walk nearby • When you’re feeling a little down, make a list of all the reasons you don’t need to be depressed
Self Esteem Part 2:
Many times in life a person sees what he has been taught to see. Each of us were taught a specific picture of ourselves which has become our personal level of self-esteem.
What factors taught or helped us to develop our self-image? • Parents • Siblings • Peers • Successes or failures • Media
What problems may be a direct result of low self-esteem? • Drug dependency • Socialization problems • High stress levels • Low level of goals, incentives, motivation • Unhappiness
Skills to Raise Self Esteem • No self-imposed put-downs • Like people and expect them to like you and treat you with respect • Do nice things for yourself and let other people do nice things for you because you deserve special attention sometimes and appreciate it • Take care of yourself – emotionally, physically and spiritually • Don’t be afraid of failure
Connect all the dots with 4 straight lines without lifting your pencil
John Wooden’s Seven Point CreedFor Success When John was 12 years old and graduating from a country grade school, his father gave him this creed – a creed he has tried to live by ever since: • Be true to yourself. • Make each day your masterpiece. • Help others. • Drink deeply from good books, especially the Bible. • Make friendship a fine art. • Build a shelter against a rainy day. • Pray for guidance and give thanks for your blessings every day.
Here’s The Facts~ • Suicide is the 2nd leading cause of death among teens. Each year an estimated 400,000 young people attempt to kill themselves; about 6,000 succeed. • 8/10 people who kill themselves have given definite clues to their intentions • Suicidal tendencies can be given in many clues and coded warnings. • Although a suicidal person is extremely unhappy, he is not necessarily mentally ill. His overpowering happiness may result from a temporary emotional upset, a long and painful illness, or a complete loss of hope.
“Sometimes in life we cannot control what happens to us but we can take charge of how we respond. We do not have to like what happens to us but we do have to accept certain hurts and events. In these situations we must find a meaning in the meaningless which causes so much pain. We can choose to survive life or we can choose to be devastated by it. Sometimes in the midst of winter, you must find within yourself an invincible summer” - Dr. Iris Bolton
Potential Causes of Adolescent Suicide • Loss of an important relationship • Family problems • Major disappointment or humiliation • Lack of communication, especially with parents • Overachiever • Drug abuse • Depression
Warning Signs of Suicide • Sudden changes in personality • Withdrawal • Eating problems • Sleeping problems • Decrease in self-care • Falling grades in school • Drug abuse • Coded messages • Making final plans • Purchase of a gun, razor, rope or pills • Previous suicide attempts • Suddenly becoming cheerful after prolonged depression
Suicide Intervention • Believe your suspicions • Approach the person about your suspicions • Encourage person to talk – actively listen • Buy time • Never promise secrecy and never work alone
Low Risk: • Contact parents or significant other • Keep person active • Ask for contract • Help them accomplish a goal or task High Risk: • Do not leave alone • Acquire professional help
Chapter 2: Substance Abuse
Hard Facts About Tobacco And Young PeopleCarcinogens- Cancer causing substance • Smoking is the #1 preventable cause of death in the nation • Every 13 seconds, someone in the world dies from a tobacco-related illness • More people die from cigarette smoking and related illness than die from alcohol, traffic accidents, illicit drugs, murder and suicide combined. • Cigarette smoking is responsible for 1 out of every 5 American deaths • Tobacco kills nearly 435,000 Americans each year. Cocaine kills no more than 1,000.
Why It’s Important For You To Know • Smoking is a strong predictor of more dangerous behavior in late adolescence: alcohol abuse, sexual promiscuity, and reckless driving • Cigarettes have been called a gateway drug. In a majority of cases, cigarette smoking precedes use of illicit drugs. • Among youths surveyed in 1985 who had tried both cigarettes and cocaine, 90 percent used cigarettes first. • Each day more than 3,000 American teenagers start smoking. • Peer influences appear to be the most potent factors in precipitating the onset of smoking. Over 50 percent of adolescents report smoking their first cigarette with a friend, 13 percent were alone, and 7 percent were with a parent. • There are now more female teenage smokers than male.
The Addictive Aspects Of Using Tobacco • The earlier people start smoking, the harder it is to quit when they are older. People who start smoking in their teenage years run the risk of becoming life-long smokers. • Most adolescents believe they can stop smoking whenever they wish. • Nicotine, which is found tobacco is more addictive than crack or alcohol-one in six who experiment with crack will be addicted; 1 in 5 who experiment with alcohol will become addicted; 9 out 10 who experiment with tobacco will become addicted.
More Facts~ • If 3 jumbo jets crashed every day of the year in America with no survivors, then about 390,000 would die in these crashes, the same number of people who died as a result of cigarette smoking in 1985. • Of the 3,000 children who smoke their first cigarette, 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by smoking related diseases • In the U.S. 6,000 people start smoking a day • 9 out of 10 smokers started as teenagers • 1/3 of teens who begin smoking will eventually die from smoking related causes
What’s In tobacco • Acetone Nail polish remover • Ammonia Toilet cleaner • Arsenic Poison • Benzene Gasoline • Butane Lighter fluid • Cadmium Batteries • Carbon monoxide Car exhaust • DDT/Dieldrin Insecticide • Formaldehyde Embalming fluid • Hexamine Lighter fluid • Hydrogen cyanide Rat and insect poison • Methane Sewer gas • Methanol Rocket fuel • Naphthalene Mothballs • Nicotine Bug killer • Stearic acid Candle wax • Toluene Industrial solvent • Vinyl chloride • Plastic pipes
What Is In Cigarettes? 43 chemicals in the tobacco which cause cancer; nicotine is the addictive chemical drug. Today’s cigarettes contain higher dosages of nicotine.
The Effects Of Tobacco • Respiratory: Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema, Lung Cancer Circulatory: Causes plaque build up and clogs arteries, sudden heart attacks that result in death, raises blood pressure, increases heart rate 10 beats per cigarette, heart disease
Dangers Of Smokeless Tobacco • 1 can is equal to 60 cigarettes • Tobacco juice causes Leukoplakia: A thick, white, leathery spot that will lead to cancer • Oral cancer strikes 30,000 people per year • Lose teeth at early age • Discolored teeth • Decreases the ability to smell or taste
Leukoplakia Oral Cancer Discolored Teeth
Smoking & Pregnancy • Smoking mothers kill 6,200 children per year • Smoking mothers cause 2,800 infants to be born with a low birth weight • Smoking during pregnancy can also cause mental disabilities, growth problems, and birth defects • 11,000 babies die from respiratory infections
Effects On Nonsmokers • Passive smoke: Smoke form tobacco products that a nonsmoker inhales • Sidestream smoke: Smoke that smokers inhale plus passive smoke • Second Hand smoke is a Class A carcinogen causing 3,800 deaths a year from lung cancer and 12,000 deaths a year from other cancers • Second Hand smoke causes heart disease 10 times more often than lung cancer
What Is Alcohol? • Ethanol: Type of alcohol found in any alcoholic beverage. It can be made synthetically or it can be produced naturally by a process called fermentation. • Alcohol is a depressant. It causes the body to slow down. • Intoxication is the physical and mental impairment caused by alcohol
Facts About Alcohol~ • 80% of all teens have tried alcohol by their high school graduation • More college students will be killed by alcohol than those receiving masters or doctorate degrees • College age students are the highest beer consumers
Alcohol And Teens • ½ of teens who die each year die as a result of alcohol • Alcohol is a factor in rape, unwanted sex, pregnancy, STD’s, dating violence, suicides and homicides • 5 million problem drinkers are between the ages of 14 to 17 • 41% of all traffic deaths are alcohol related • Teens die every day from alcohol related accidents • 100 million Americans use alcohol
Why Do Teens Drink? • Escape • Cultural or peer pressure • To relax from stress • To feel better • To gain confidence • For excitement • To deal with boredom • Rebellion • To fit in; most teens want to be accepted • 79% of teens say getting drunk is “cool” • Movies, TV and advertisements glamorize drinking • Family Habits- children imitate their parents • Inheritance ( mental illness)
