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Topic 4

Topic 4. Unit 4 - Electricity. Topic 4 The Energy Connection. Energy . Remember that Energy allows work to be done. Electrons can give up electrical energy to do work by many devices or loads.

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Topic 4

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  1. Topic 4 Unit 4 - Electricity

  2. Topic 4The Energy Connection

  3. Energy • Remember that Energy allows work to be done. • Electrons can give up electrical energy to do work by many devices or loads. • These resistors take the electrical energy from the electrons and convert it into another form of energy.

  4. Electricity and Heat • Many appliances like ovens, hair dryers convert electricity into heat. • Heat can be converted to electricity using a thermocouple. • Thermocouples are made of two different metal wires that experience a temperature difference at their ends. This causes electrons to flow through the wires making electricity.

  5. Thermocouple • A collection of thermocouples put together is called a thermopile. • It can be used to create larger amounts of electricity. • This is called a Thermo-electric generator.

  6. Electricity to Motion • Quartz crystals can be stimulated by electricity to vibrate at a regular rate. • This is called the “piezoelectric effect” • Anything touching the crystal will move. • This can be used to create sound waves in the case of stereo speakers or be used in watches to help keep perfect time.

  7. Motion to Electricity • BBQ spark lighters use the piezoelectric effect in reverse. • The pressure by the trigger put on a quartz crystal in the lighter causes a current to flow and generate a spark at the tip of the lighter. • This spark ignites the butane fuel also released by the trigger at the same time. • Microphones can take sound waves and create a current to be sent by a circuit to an amp also using this effect.

  8. Electricity to Light • Light bulbs and neon tubes use electricity to produce light. • Light is also produced by LEDs (light emitting diodes) which use very little current and last for years. • They use semiconductors in a plastic case.

  9. Light to Electricity • Photovoltaic (PV) cells can take light and create an electric current. • This is used in solar powered calculators and solar panels. • Semiconductors are used again to provide electrons when light strikes its surface. • These electrons can be made to follow a circuit.

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