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Network Orientation DAT14

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Network Orientation DAT14

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    1. Network Orientation DAT14 Valeta Glover June 2000 updated January 4, 1999 after TDR/TRR and asking questions of IST updated March/April with new DM position names and budget cut itemsupdated January 4, 1999 after TDR/TRR and asking questions of IST updated March/April with new DM position names and budget cut items

    2. Agenda Introduction Overview Acronyms & Glossary Data Onboard Space-to-Ground United States Ground System International Ground System POIC PDSS and routing Transmission methods and protocols Interfaces between the POIC, remote sites, and Partner Gateways Reference Material

    3. Introduction This course describes the ground network that supports data transmission upon its receipt from the ISS It will start with a description of onboard data and the space-to-ground network. It will go into more detail about the US Ground System and will briefly tell about the International Ground System. It will then describe the POIC and it’s ground services, including PDSS which routes the data. It will describe various transmission methods and protocols used to transport data. It also lists reference documentation where more details on any of these topics can be found.

    4. Overview There are three distinct areas that define the data routing and downlink process. They are onboard systems, the space-to-ground communications network, and the ground data distribution system. This handout focuses on the ground data distribution system, but will contain some information on the on-board and space-to-ground network in order to give a complete picture. Once the data reaches the ground, distribution must be made to the users and program participants. The US. Ground System (USGS) includes all the NASA sites that are a part of ISS and the systems that are at these sites. The International Ground System encompasses all the major sites around the world that will be exchanging data, voice, and video. The USGS receives the data and distributes it. The HOSC/POIC is the site here at MSFC which will be controlling Payload data, voice, and video. The POIC interfaces with the other NASA centers, Partner payload centers, and payload users at various ‘remote sites’. The SSCC distributes core system data to the US Engineering support centers and the Partner Control Centers. Payload data distribution is coordinated between POIC/PDSS and the Partners. USGS - United States Ground System USGS - United States Ground System

    5. Acronyms A/G Air to Ground APID Application Process Identifier APMCC Attached Pressurized Module Control Center APS Automated Payload Switch ARC Ames Research Center ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (Italian Space Agency) ATVCC automated Transfer Vehicle Control Center BANDIT Bandwidth Integration Timeliner BPDU Bitstream Protocol Data Unit C&C MDM Command and Control Multiplexer/Demultiplexer CCSDS Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems CDP Custom Data Packet Cmd Command Comm Communication COR Communications Outage Recorder CPS Consolidated Planning System CSA Canadian Space Agency CSMAC Communications System Monitor & Control DAE Data Acquistion and Extraction DD Data Distribution DDS Data Distribution System Dev Development DFP Data Flow Plan DomSat Domestic Satellite

    6. Acronyms ECO End-to-End Configuration Officer EDS Enhanced Data System EHS Enhanced HOSC System EMCS Enhanced Mission Communications System ERIS EHS Remote Interface System ESA European Space Agency EVA Extra Vehicular Activity EViDS Enhanced Video Distribution System EVoDS Enhanced Voice Distribution System FEP Front End Processor FTP File Transfer Protocol GC Ground Controller GRC Glenn Research Center (formerly LeRC) GSE Ground Support Equipment GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center HOSC Huntsville Operations Support Center HRFM High Rate Frame Multiplexer HRM High Rate Modem HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol

    7. Acronyms ICD Interface Control Document I/F Interface IGS IV&T International Ground Segment Integration Verification & Test IGSS International Ground System segment IONet IP International Partner IP Internet Protocol IPS Integrated Planning System ISS International Space Station IST Integrated Support Team iURC interim User Requirements Collection JEM Japanese Experiment Module JSC Johnson Space Center kbps kilobits per second KSC Kennedy Space Center LAN Local Area Network LeRC Lewis Research Center (now GRC) LOR Line Outage Recorder

    8. Acronyms MBF Multi-Build Facility Mbps Megabits per second MCC-H Mission Control Center - Houston MDL Micro-Gravity Development Laboratory MDM Multiplexer DeMultiplexer MHz Mega Hertz MPLM Mini-Pressurized Logisitics Module MRMDF Multiple Remote Manipulator Development Facility MSFC Marshall Space Flight Center MSS LAN Mission System Services Local Area Network NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASDA National Space Agency of Japan NBL Neutral Bounancy Laboratory NCC Network Control Center NISN NASA Integrated Services Network NPRD Network Program Requirements Document NTSC National Television Standards Committee OD Operational Downlink OIU Orbiter Interface Unit (?) OSTP Onboard Short Term Plan

    9. Acronyms PCC Partner Control Center PCD POIC Capabilities Document PDI Payload Data Interleaver PDL Payload Data Library PDSRS PDSS Data Storage and Retrieval Subsystem PDSS Payload Data Services System PEHG Payload Ethernet Hub/Gateway PICF Payload Integration and Checkout Facility PIMS Payload Information Management System PG Product Group PGUIDD POIC to Generic User Interface Definition Document POIC Payload Operations Integration Center POIF Payload Operations Integration Function PPS Payload Planning System PRD Program Requirements Document Proc Procedure PSIV Payload System Integration & Verification PTC Payload Training Center PTT Part Task Trainer

    10. Acronyms RSA Russian Space Agency SES System Engineering Simulator SGS Space to Ground Subsystem SGTRC Space to Ground Transmit Receive Controller SMAC System Monitor and Control SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SOSC Space Operations Support Center SSCC Space Station Control Center SSH Secure Shell SSIPC Space Station Integration and Promotion Center SSL3 Secure Socket Layer 3 SSMTF Space Station Mock-up Training Facility SSPF Space Station Processing Facility SSTF Space Station Training Facility S/W Software TAS Test And Simulation TCP Transmission Control Protocol TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System TDS Timing Distribution System TSC Telescience Support Center

    11. Acronyms UDC Utilization Development Capability UDP User Datagram Protocol UF Utilization Flight UPD User Performance Data US United States USGS United States Ground System USOC United States Operations Center USOS United States On-orbit Segment VAL Validation WISARD Weekly Implementor of Systems and Resources for Data WSC White Sands Complex ZOE Zone of Exclusion

    12. Glossary of Terms air-to-ground audio -- audio communications between the on-orbit space station and the ground in support of on-orbit operations including private a/g audio for medical information. air-to-ground video -- video generated onboard the on-orbit space station and transmitted to the ground. APID -- a number which gives source and destination information. It is used for routing data. audio -- audio communications between ground facilities in support of ground functions and training. Also referred to as coordination audio bandwidth -- a measure of spectrum (frequency) use or capacity. The higher (wider) the bandwidth the greater the amount of information it can carry. BPDU -- Bitstream Protocol Data Unit. A CCSDS protocol data unit of the bitstream function. It has a header followed by a fixed length block of contiguous bitstream data. CCSDS Packets -- Data formatted in accordance with recommendations or standards of the Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems. The packets have a primary header, an optional secondary header and source data. commands -- commands generated on the ground destined for the on-orbit space station. Command uplink includes payload commands and core system commands. This interface also includes the uplink of data files to the on-orbit Space Station. downlink data -- data generated onboard the on-orbit Space Station and transmitted to the ground as telemetry. Data downlink may include health and status, science data, medical data, ancillary data, and core systems data. This interface also includes the downlink of onboard data files and command responses. downlink video -- video generated on-board the on-Orbit Space Station and transmitted to the ground. It is converted from analog to digital back to analog.

    13. Glossary of Terms EHS -- Enhanced HOSC Systems -- All the systems required to perform data acquisition and distribution, telemetry processing, command services, database services, mission support services, and system monitor and control services. forward link -- data going from the ground to the on-orbit space station (via TDRSS) frequency -- number of cycles per second of an electromagnetic transmission. Generally higher frequencies can carry more information at greater speeds. geosynchronous orbit -- a circular orbit above the equator. Satellite is 22,237 miles above the earth and stays above the same point on the earth’s surface. interface -- a means of interaction between two systems or groups kbps -- kilobits per second. Refers to transmission speed of 1000 bits per seconds. Ku-Band -- A portion of the electromagnetic spectrum used to deliver data from spacecraft to ground. Mbps -- Megabits per second. Refers to transmission speed of 1,000,000 bits per second. Network -- A way of connecting computer resources that handles communications between pieces of equipment. planning and procedures data -- the planning and procedures data required for realtime operations support or pre-increment preparations between facilities in support of ground functions. e.g. activity schedules, weekly plans, on-orbit summaries, etc. protocol -- a set of rules that define formats of transmitted data and the time sequences between devices. return link data -- data coming from the on-orbit space station to the ground (via TDRSS)

    14. Glossary of Terms S-Band -- A lower frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum. Used to carry core systems information from the spacecraft to the ground. T1 -- a size of communication line TCP -- Transmission Control Protocol - TCP is a connection -oriented protocol. The computer sending the data will actually connect to the computer that will receive the data. since there is a connection between the two computers, all of the data will be delivered in the order it was sent. telemetry -- data delivered to the ground from the on-orbit vehicle. Telemetry is down-link only. Telemetry is not uplinked. TSC -- Telescience Support Center -- a NASA facility which provides the capability to plan and operate on-orbit payloads and experiments. UDP -- User Datagram Protocol - UDP is a connectionless-oriented protocol. The computer sending the data doesn’t connect to a specific computer, but instead broadcasts the data to an address. Since the data is broadcast, the computer sending the data does not know if any other computer received it. In addition, the data may be received out of order. video -- video communications between ground facilities in support of ground functions. The term ‘video’ may include recorded video playback or video teleconferencing. X-windows -- a standared for a multi-session protocol between an application and a display. It allows someone to log-on to another computer and see the displays from it on your own.

    15. Overview Figure From Shuttle to TDRSS to ground -- S-band: OD data, voice From ISS to TDRSS to ground - S-band: data, voice Ku-band: data, digitized video From ground to TDRSS to Shuttle - S-band: voice, cmds From TDRSS to ISS - S-band: voice, commands, ?file uplink From WSC to DomSat - Ku-Band (note NISN could choose any carrier) From WSC JSC & MSFC - S-band via IONet From WSC to JSC - ?? any ground lines From DomSat to JSC & MSFC -- Ku-band From JSC to/from MSFC - voice, commanding, planning, processed video, OD (note voice has both air and ground paths) From MSFC to/from remote sites - payload data, payload cmds, voice From Shuttle to TDRSS to ground -- S-band: OD data, voice From ISS to TDRSS to ground - S-band: data, voice Ku-band: data, digitized video From ground to TDRSS to Shuttle - S-band: voice, cmds From TDRSS to ISS - S-band: voice, commands, ?file uplink From WSC to DomSat - Ku-Band (note NISN could choose any carrier) From WSC JSC & MSFC - S-band via IONet From WSC to JSC - ?? any ground lines From DomSat to JSC & MSFC -- Ku-band From JSC to/from MSFC - voice, commanding, planning, processed video, OD (note voice has both air and ground paths) From MSFC to/from remote sites - payload data, payload cmds, voice

    16. Data Onboard ISS onboard systems and payloads generate data Each payload or sub-rack payload may be assigned one or more APIDs for the routing of telemetry data. Data that is generated may be science data, housekeeping data, or health and status data Payload data is routed from the payload to the APS to the HRFM to the HRM to the Space to Ground Transmitter Receiver Controller (SGTRC) and thru the Ku-Band antenna to TDRSS. S-band digital data goes through the C&C MDM to the Assembly Contingency Baseband Signal Processor. Payloads being transported on the Shuttle in a powered MPLM may generate data During payload transport operations the shuttle will send an Operational Downlink (OD) data stream to the ground. Part of this stream is the Payload Data Interleaver (PDI) which may contain data for ISS payloads that are on the shuttle either coming or going from the ISS. Ku-Band Data is sent from the ISS to TDRSS to White Sands to DomSat to the control centers The data structure for ISS data will conform to the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) recommendation for Advanced Orbiting Systems Shuttle data is sent from the shuttle to TDRSS to White Sands to JSC to MSFC. It is not in CCSDS format APIDs are a source/destination identifier. Can be between 0 & 2047 ? Application Process Identifier (APID) SGTRC -- data goes from modem to it -- it sends data and also controls the antenna tracking/movement APS - Automated Payload Switch HRFM - High Rate Frame Multiplexer HRM - High Rate Modem TDRSS - Tracking & Data Relay Satellite System C&C MDM -- Command & Control Multiplexer Demultiplexer Data from shuttle is generally going to be housekeeping type data -- make sure freezer temps cold enough to keep samples chilled . .. Don’t say CCSDS packets -- CCSDS format recommendation OD does not conform to CCSDS, POIC processes it differentlyAPIDs are a source/destination identifier. Can be between 0 & 2047 ? Application Process Identifier (APID) SGTRC -- data goes from modem to it -- it sends data and also controls the antenna tracking/movement APS - Automated Payload Switch HRFM - High Rate Frame Multiplexer HRM - High Rate Modem TDRSS - Tracking & Data Relay Satellite System C&C MDM -- Command & Control Multiplexer Demultiplexer Data from shuttle is generally going to be housekeeping type data -- make sure freezer temps cold enough to keep samples chilled . .. Don’t say CCSDS packets -- CCSDS format recommendation OD does not conform to CCSDS, POIC processes it differently

    17. Space-to-Ground Data can come to the ground via S-Band or Ku-Band. These are ‘physical’ mechanisms to transport the data. Ku-Band was selected because there was very little traffic in the electromagnetic spectrum at that frequency and communication rates (bit rates) could be higher because of the wider possible bandwidth. Ku-Band operates at 13,775 MHz and 15,003.4 MHz. S-Band data has a much lower frequency and bandwidth. S-Band operates at 2065.0 and 2085.6875 MHz. Information on S-Band and Ku-Band frequencies etc. -- ISS USOS to Ground (through TDRSS) ICD SSP 42018 Some information from old Spacelab blue books. glossary on web about frequencies, satellites, etc. on Miralite Communications web site Information on S-Band and Ku-Band frequencies etc. -- ISS USOS to Ground (through TDRSS) ICD SSP 42018 Some information from old Spacelab blue books. glossary on web about frequencies, satellites, etc. on Miralite Communications web site

    18. Space-to-Ground (cont) S-Band S-band data is relayed to/from ISS via TDRSS S-Band carries primarily core systems data down and commands up Forward Link to ISS -- from the ground to space can carry CCSDS packets and up to 2 audio channels normal mode has rates up to 72 kbps (data & audio) low rate mode has rates up to 6 kbps (data only) commands are sent via S-band forward link Return Link to ISS -- from space to ground can carry CCSDS packets and up to 2 channels of audio normal mode has rates up to 192 kbps (data & audio) low rate mode has rates up to 12 kbps (data only) Shuttle S-Band Return Link relayed from the shuttle to TDRSS to the ground contains OD data which contains PDI data from payloads 64 kbps Low Rate Data; 96 low rate with one voice channel 128 kbps High Rate Data; 192 kbps high rate w/2 voice chls ISS -- International Space Station TDRSS -- Tracking & Data Relay Satellite System CCSDS OD - Orbiter Downlink PDI - Payload Data Interleaver -- a subset of the OD data from the shuttleISS -- International Space Station TDRSS -- Tracking & Data Relay Satellite System CCSDS OD - Orbiter Downlink PDI - Payload Data Interleaver -- a subset of the OD data from the shuttle

    19. Space-to-Ground (cont) Ku-Band return link data Ku-Band data is sent from the ISS Space-to-Ground Subsystem (SGS) to the ground via TDRSS Ku-band primarily carries High Rate Payload Data Digital Video Core Playback Data Ku-Band can carry CCSDS packets or bitstream data note: bitstream data can be ‘packetized’ for downlink The ground system is currently set to support a 50 Mbps link There will be 8 return link payload channels, which are configured by POIF cadre (the Data Management Coordinator (DMC)) one channel is typically assigned for use by the Payload MDM one channel is typically assigned for use by the PEHG one channel is typically assigned for ZOE or COR dumps need info on Space to Ground Subsystem CCSDS -- Consultative committee on Space Data Systems MDM - Multiplexer Demultiplexer PEHG - Payload Ethernet Hub/Gateway ZOE - Zone of Exclusion COR - Communications Outage Recorder Onboard equipment adds overhead as the data goes thru it so the aggregate data rate that we configure for onboard will be 43. It will then produce a totoal 50 Mbps stream coming down DOC will probably do actual configuring, ECO will monitor and coordinateneed info on Space to Ground Subsystem CCSDS -- Consultative committee on Space Data Systems MDM - Multiplexer Demultiplexer PEHG - Payload Ethernet Hub/Gateway ZOE - Zone of Exclusion COR - Communications Outage Recorder Onboard equipment adds overhead as the data goes thru it so the aggregate data rate that we configure for onboard will be 43. It will then produce a totoal 50 Mbps stream coming down DOC will probably do actual configuring, ECO will monitor and coordinate

    20. Space-to-Ground (cont) Ku-Band Return Link Data (cont) the USOS to IGSS Ku-Band Telemetry Formats ICD (SSP 41158) describes the data structures used for Ku-Band data transfer All ISS Ku-Band packets generated by the USOS elements will contain a CCSDS primary header. The primary header is needed for the basic identification and routing of the packet. APIDs for payloads are placed in the primary header. All USOS-generated Ku-Band packets which are to be processed by the HOSC shall contain a CCSDS Secondary packet header which is necessary for any level of IGSS ground processing. Video is converted from analog to digital on-board and sent down as a part of the Ku-Band data will any voice come down on Ku Band ? - not currently USOS - United States On-Orbit Segment IGSS - International Ground System Spec (Segment) APID - - Application Process Identifier CCSDS - Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems Video will be converted back to analog at JSC and then distributed Later -- OCA uplink capability on Ku-band will any voice come down on Ku Band ? - not currently USOS - United States On-Orbit Segment IGSS - International Ground System Spec (Segment) APID - - Application Process Identifier CCSDS - Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems Video will be converted back to analog at JSC and then distributed Later -- OCA uplink capability on Ku-band

    21. Space to Ground (cont) Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System TDRSS The main task of the TDRSS is to provide communication and tracking services for low-earth orbit spacecraft. TDRSS consists of satellites in geosynchronous orbits and a dedicated ground station. The ground station is at the White Sands Complex (WSC) in New Mexico. TDRSS can provide coverage over about 85% of a spacecraft's orbit. The TDRS operates as a repeater, relaying signals to and from the ground station. No data processing is done onboard the TDRS. The Network Control Center (NCC) at Goddard Space Flight Center manages and controls the Space Network and TDRSS. During/prior to real-time operations, conflicts of TDRSS satellite use that arise between ISS and other spacecraft are resolved between the Network Control Center, the SSCC, and the POIC. The data flow plan reflects which satellite is scheduled and for how long. The WISARD develops the data flow plan (DFP). The DMC will coordinate with the Network Control Center and SSCC on real-time changes. The BANDIT will help make changes to the DFP. define geometric coverage geosynchronous orbit -- appear to be stationary over a spot on earth. approx 22,300 miles up There are several satellites -- generally 2 used by shuttle/ISS -- what positions? DFP - Data Flow Plan BANDIT - Bandwidth Integration Timeliner WISARD - Weekly Implementor of Systems and Resources for Data ECO - End-to-End Configuration Officer define geometric coverage geosynchronous orbit -- appear to be stationary over a spot on earth. approx 22,300 miles up There are several satellites -- generally 2 used by shuttle/ISS -- what positions? DFP - Data Flow Plan BANDIT - Bandwidth Integration Timeliner WISARD - Weekly Implementor of Systems and Resources for Data ECO - End-to-End Configuration Officer

    22. Space-to-Ground (cont) White Sands Complex (WSC) The ground station that monitors and controls the satellites is the White Sands Ground Terminal in New Mexico. White Sands forwards the data to NASA Integrated Services Network (NISN) to distribute to the NASA centers. Currently they have choosen DomSat for Ku-Band Currently they use IONet for S-Band White Sands has a Line Outage Recorder (LOR) that records data in case a connection between White Sands and one of the NASA centers fails. If that happens, WSC can play back the data when the connection is restored. S-band comes to MSFC via IONet.S-band comes to MSFC via IONet.

    23. United States Ground System (USGS) “The mission of the USGS is to support and maintain the on-orbit Space Station from the ground by providing the resources needed to successfully perform its mission” It is comprised of end items used to support this mission. These end items provide the capability to monitor and control the on-orbit space station, perform payload operations, perform planning, and provide simulation of the on-orbit space station for verification and training. Geographically the USGS is split between Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, Texas; Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in Huntsville, Alabama; Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland; White Sands Complex (WSC) in Las Cruces, New Mexico; and Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The networks that are part of the US Ground System are provided by the NASA Integrated Service Network (NISN). The mission of the NISN is to provide cost-effective wide area network telecommunications services for transmission of data, video and voice for all NASA Enterprises, Programs and Centers, utilizing commercial capability wherever possible. see IGS Spec (SSP 54500) and IGS IV&T Mgt Plan (SSP 54501) for detailed information on UGSG NISN - The single integrated network project will replace the independent special purpose networks that have served individual customers for decades, including the Program Support communications Network (PSCN), NASA Comm Network (NASCOM), AEROnet, NASA Science Internet (NSI), Earth Observation Data Information System (EOSDIS) Backbone Network (EBnet), and the International communications Network.see IGS Spec (SSP 54500) and IGS IV&T Mgt Plan (SSP 54501) for detailed information on UGSG NISN - The single integrated network project will replace the independent special purpose networks that have served individual customers for decades, including the Program Support communications Network (PSCN), NASA Comm Network (NASCOM), AEROnet, NASA Science Internet (NSI), Earth Observation Data Information System (EOSDIS) Backbone Network (EBnet), and the International communications Network.

    24. United States Ground Systems (USGS) figure F-1 from SSP 54500 Figure F-1 USGS internal/external interfaces from SSP 54500 International Ground Segment Spec Figure F-1 USGS internal/external interfaces from SSP 54500 International Ground Segment Spec

    25. US Ground System (cont) Who/what makes it up the US Ground System Facilities Used for Realtime Operations: SSCC - Space Station Control Center -- at JSC The SSCC will be used for managing the execution of core systems operations. The SSCC is part of the Mission Control Center - Houston (MCC-H) The SSCC Ground Controller (GC) works closely with GSFC NCC for coordination of Ground Network and Space Network Resources POIC - Payload Operations Integration Center -- at MSFC The POIC will be used for managing the execution of on-orbit payload and payload support systems The POIC has the overall responsibility for payload ground data distribution. USOC - United States Operations Center -- at MSFC The USOC will be used to provide a facility where users can be trained and where users can control and monitor the operations of their on-board payloads. It is located in the HOSC.

    26. US Ground System (cont) Systems Used for Realtime Operations (cont): IPS - Integrated Planning System -- at JSC Used for comprehensive planning and analysis. PPS - Payload Planning System -- at MSFC Used for payload planning and scheduling PDSS - Payload Data Services System -- at MSFC PDSS will be used to receive, process, store, and distribute Space Station payload data to the POIC, the USOC, the International Partners, and user operations facilities. All data is distributed with the EHS protocol headers.

    27. US Ground Systems (cont) Systems/Facilities used for training SSTF - Space Station Training Facility -- at JSC Used for training ISS crews and controllers on ISS operations and for verification of operations procedures MRMDF - Multiple Remote Manipulator Development Facility -- at JSC Used for training and procedure development for the space station robotics operations SSMTF - Space Station Mock-up Training Facility -- at JSC to develop and validate flight crew interfaces and designs, and train flight crew members, controllers and instructors on ISS operations, crew systems, maintenance and crew health care. SES - System Engineering Simulator -- at JSC Used to provide and maintain real-time dynamic models for crew-in-the-loop training and shuttle robotics, rendezvous/proximity, and docking operations. NBL - Neutral Buoyancy Lab -- at JSC Used to simulate null gravity for training crews on EVAs. SMTF SSI - Shuttle Mission Training Facility Space Station Integration -- at JSC Used for shuttle based ISS assembly training PTT - Part Task Trainer -- at JSC a training device which provides standalone single system training for crew and ground controllers. PTC - Payload Training Complex -- at JSC Used to train ISS crews and Ground Support Personnel on the operation of US controlled payloads RAPS - Remote Area Payload Support -- at MSFC allows training personnel to support the SSTF payload crew operations training, it also links to PTC EVA - Extra Vehicular ActivityEVA - Extra Vehicular Activity

    28. US Ground Systems (cont) Systems/Facilities used for Integration, Verification, etc MBF - Mission Build Facility -- at JSC The central repository for ISS core systems flight software and flight systems data. PDL - Payload Data Library -- at MSFC on online system used for collecting user requirements PICF - Payload Integration and Checkout Facility -- at KSC is used for processing of US payloads including physical integration and interface checkout PSIV - Payload Software Integration and Verification -- at MSFC Used to integrate and verify US. controlled payload software and make sure the payload interfaces are compatible with the ISS. SSPF - Space Station Processing Facility -- at KSC provides for the integration of hardware for the ISS prior to launch SVF - Software Verification Facility -- at JSC provides a facility for verifying ISS flight software

    29. US Ground Systems (cont) see the International Ground System Specification Document (SSP 54500) Appendix F and the International Ground System Integration, Verification & Test Management Plan (SSP 54501) for detailed information on US Ground System facilities. Is there a SSP 41161 US Ground Segment Spec ??Is there a SSP 41161 US Ground Segment Spec ??

    30. US Ground Systems (cont) Uplink and Downlink Data is configured and routed on the ground S-band SSCC schedules and manages S-band utilization. The SSCC and POIC receive the ISS S-Band data and will configure their respective ground systems to capture and process ISS S-Band data based on the S-Band data flow scheduling performed by the SSCC plus any real-time changes. The POIC documents the scheduling via the data flow plan. S-band data goes out from White Sands via IONET ISS Command and Control, core system telemetry, and some payload-related telemetry will be sent down on the S-Band system. ISS Commands are sent through the SSCC and then up via S-Band Air-to-Ground Voice is sent and received via S-Band Shuttle S-band data is sent from WSC to JSC who then routes it to MSFC via NISN.

    31. US Ground Systems (cont) Downlink Data is routed and configured on the ground Ku-Band Ku-Band utilization management is the responsibility of the POIC. The SSCC and POIC receive the Ku-Band data from the WSC and will configure their respective ground systems to capture and process Ku-Band data based on the data flow scheduling performed by the POIC plus any real-time changes. The data flow schedule is done via the Data Flow Plan (DFP) which is generated during Short Term Planning by the WISARD position at the POIC. The Ku-Band digital video data is processed by the MCC-H, which strips out video channels, performs digital-to-analog conversion, and provides the standard NTSC video to the communications networks for distribution. Note: the POIC coordinates with SSCC, IPs, and users on the distribution of payload related video. The Ku-Band link is used for downlink of payload data, video, and core systems recorder dump data. Both SSCC and POIC receive Ku-band via DomSat and process it separately. WISARD - Weekly Implmentor of Systems and Resources for Data NTSC - National Television Standards Committee JSC handles video distribution -- even payload portionsBoth SSCC and POIC receive Ku-band via DomSat and process it separately. WISARD - Weekly Implmentor of Systems and Resources for Data NTSC - National Television Standards Committee JSC handles video distribution -- even payload portions

    32. US Ground Systems (cont) Ground to Ground All commands to ISS onboard destinations are sent to JSC to be uplinked. All command responses that indicate whether a command was or was not successfully received and executed by the destination processor are first received and processed by the JSC SSCC prior to distribution to the originating source. planning & procedure data is exchanged between SSCC, POIC, and users voice -- coordination audio is used between sites on the ground JSC and MSFC are part of a LAN ? which will be used to exchange data and commands Some POIC to user data exchanges will be done via the internet. coordination audio vs air-to-ground audioJSC and MSFC are part of a LAN ? which will be used to exchange data and commands Some POIC to user data exchanges will be done via the internet. coordination audio vs air-to-ground audio

    33. International Ground Systems The US Ground Systems sends and receives information from the International Partners. The International Ground System provides the routing and communications of data, video, and audio both to and from the On-Orbit Segment and the end user. The IGS also performs analysis, training, planning, procedures development, and reconfiguration functions in support of the International Space Station Program. International Ground System is made up of: CSA Ground System (Canada) ESA Ground System (Europe) ASI Ground System (Italy) NASDA Ground System (Japan) RSA Ground System (Russia) US Ground System (USA) NASA provided communication for more information see: SSP 45400 International Ground Segment Specification SSP 54501 International Ground System Integration, Verification & Test Management Plan any HOSC to (IP) ICDsfor more information see: SSP 45400 International Ground Segment Specification SSP 54501 International Ground System Integration, Verification & Test Management Plan any HOSC to (IP) ICDs

    34. International Ground System (cont) Types of data that will be distributed: ISS Systems Telemetry ISS Systems Commands A/G Audio A/G Video Payload Telemetry Payload Commands Systems and Payload MDM software loads Planning and Procedures Data note: the Partners are responsible for data distribution within their own ground network systems see FIGURE F-1 USGS internal/external interfaces to see where some of the data types go to/fromsee FIGURE F-1 USGS internal/external interfaces to see where some of the data types go to/from

    35. International Ground Systems (cont) Command and telemetry data for ISS core systems will be a shared resource provided to the separate IPs. Except for RSA ( and possibly NASDA), each IP will control and command their respective modules via the data uplink/downlink provided by NASA. The POIC is responsible for scheduling, managing, and controlling the Space Station onboard payload data and video systems. The POIC has the overall responsibility for payload ground data distribution and will coordinate distribution with the IPs. Interface Control Documents (ICD) give details of the capabilities and interfaces between the various centers. A brief summary of the International Partner interfaces follows . . . Russia will be getting data from it’s On-Orbit Segment -- which is totally ‘separate’ from the US On-Orbit Segment. NASDA/Japan may put up at satellite system similar to TDRSS and downlink some of their data directly to Japan.Russia will be getting data from it’s On-Orbit Segment -- which is totally ‘separate’ from the US On-Orbit Segment. NASDA/Japan may put up at satellite system similar to TDRSS and downlink some of their data directly to Japan.

    36. International Ground Systems (cont) International Partners CSA CSA will operate from the SOSC (Space Operational Support Center) SOSC capabilities include receiving data and video and exchanging planning products ESA The ESA Ground System functions are distributed to facilities throughout Europe. They are connected to each other and with the external facilities by the Interconnection Ground Subnetwork and are comprised of the Automated Transfer Vehicle Control Centre (ATV CC), the Attached Pressurized Module Control Centre (APM CC), the interconnection Ground Subnetwork Control Centre, industrial sites, and interfaces to remote user sites. The ESA Ground System capabilities include the generation of commands, the reception of data, audio, and video; the exchange of planning and integration products; and the simulation of hardware and software functions. Documents don’t agree on what the various IPs will be sending/receiving . . . . SPIPS ICDs IGS Spec POIC Sys Arch.Documents don’t agree on what the various IPs will be sending/receiving . . . . SPIPS ICDs IGS Spec POIC Sys Arch.

    37. International Ground Systems (cont) ASI The Mini-Pressurized Logistics Module (MPLM) Ground System is a part of the MPLM Segment developed by Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI). MPLM Ground System capabilities include receiving data, training, and exchanging planning products. NASDA NASDA will operate from the SSIPC (Space Station Integration and Promotion Center) in Tsukuba, Japan. The SSPIC is comprised of the computers, simulators, and other equipment to perform Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) engineering assessments, payload operations and user support, Japanese payload integration, logistics operations, and crew training for JEM systems and Japanese payload operations. The SSPIC will receive downlink payload data and payload planning data and procedures from the POIC. RSA The Russian Ground System consists of Mission Control Center - Moscow which is responsible for the control of the Russian segment hardware. It is a backup location for some SSCC functions. Voice and payload planning data & procedures will be exchanged with the POIC.

    38. POIC/Overview General POIC Information The POIC is located within the HOSC -- Building 4663 at MSFC The POIC is an ISS facility that provides the capabilities required by the Cadre to manage and integrate payload operations. The POIC provides the capabilities to coordinate with distributed International Partner Payload Control Centers (PCC), Telescience Support Centers (TSC), and unique remote payload facilities. See the POIC Capabilities Document (SSP 50304) for more information. The POIC provides interfaces to the IPs, TSCs, and remote users to exchange voice, video, and data as required. See the POIC to Generic User Interface Definition Document (SSP 50305) for detailed information. The POIC also contains the United States Operations Center (USOC) that provides the capabilities required to support individual users or user teams so that they can operate and control their ISS payloads and experiments. the POIC is made up of the rooms in B-wing as well as the areas downstairs in M/E-wings (USOC areas) TSC - Telescience Support Center capability -- what interface -- howthe POIC is made up of the rooms in B-wing as well as the areas downstairs in M/E-wings (USOC areas) TSC - Telescience Support Center capability -- what interface -- how

    39. POIC/Overview Figure comes from PCD EMCS - Enhanced Mission Communications SystemFigure comes from PCD EMCS - Enhanced Mission Communications System

    40. POIC/Overview Systems that make up the POIC EMCS -- The Enhanced Mission Communications System simultaneously receives multiple data streams, at various rates, and in ISS and non-ISS formats from the NASA Integrated Services Network (NISN). It also has functions to provide for the reception, processing, and distribution of digital voice and analog video, and distribution of data streams to MSFC core systems, remote user facilities, and to IP gateways. PDSS -- The Payload Data Services System acquires, distributes, and stores ISS data for the EHS, International Partners, TSCs, and other remote payload facilities. EHS -- The Enhanced HOSC System performs command processing, realtime and near realtime telemetry processing for prelaunch integration/checkout, simulations and training, and flight operations. PPS -- The Payload Planning System provides a unique POIC subsystem with software capabilities to automate payload planning and scheduling activities. These are the major systems at the POIC Often the whole group of systems is referred to as EHS, but technically EHS is simply the servers/workstations that deal with processing data and commands. Currently PDSS can’t store data - capability should come around EHS Build 5 -- early 2001 These are the major systems at the POIC Often the whole group of systems is referred to as EHS, but technically EHS is simply the servers/workstations that deal with processing data and commands. Currently PDSS can’t store data - capability should come around EHS Build 5 -- early 2001

    41. POIC Figures from POIC System Architecture Document MSFC-DOC-2837Figures from POIC System Architecture Document MSFC-DOC-2837

    42. POIC/EMCS Figure 2 POIC System Arch. Doc MSFC-DOC-2837 Enhanced Mission Comm System UDC - utilization Development Capability MDL - Microgravity Development Lab EViDs - Enhanced Video Distribution System EVoDs - Enhanced Voice Dist. System EDS - Enhanced Data System DDS - Data Distribution System TDS - Timing Dist. System CSMAC - Comm System Monitor and ControlFigure 2 POIC System Arch. Doc MSFC-DOC-2837 Enhanced Mission Comm System UDC - utilization Development Capability MDL - Microgravity Development Lab EViDs - Enhanced Video Distribution System EVoDs - Enhanced Voice Dist. System EDS - Enhanced Data System DDS - Data Distribution System TDS - Timing Dist. System CSMAC - Comm System Monitor and Control

    43. POIC/EMCS EMCS - Enhanced HOSC Communications System Receives multiple data streams Distributes data, voice, and video It has 6 main subsystems: Enhanced Video Distribution (EViDS), Enhanced Voice Dist. Sys (EVoDS), Enhanced Data System (EDS), Data Distribution System (DDS), Timing Distribution System (TDS), Communications System Monitoring and Control (CSMAC). POIC Architecture Document MSFC-DOC-2837 has more information EDS - provides for digital transport services for the HOSC. It provides the interfaces to support transmission of digital data, telemetry, and network packet data to ISS POIC local users and ISS remote users. It receives the Ku-Band streams and forwards to PDSS for processing. It has capability to be upgraded to receive 150 Mbps -- by CSOC at a later date. DDS - provides the capability to route tlm (below 5 Mbps) and cmd data to and from NISN to EHS. It receives the S-Band core ISS data stream and inputs it to PDSS. TDS - can receive Global Positioning System timing signals. It can distribute timing signals to overhead displays and in packets to workstations and PDSS.POIC Architecture Document MSFC-DOC-2837 has more information EDS - provides for digital transport services for the HOSC. It provides the interfaces to support transmission of digital data, telemetry, and network packet data to ISS POIC local users and ISS remote users. It receives the Ku-Band streams and forwards to PDSS for processing. It has capability to be upgraded to receive 150 Mbps -- by CSOC at a later date. DDS - provides the capability to route tlm (below 5 Mbps) and cmd data to and from NISN to EHS. It receives the S-Band core ISS data stream and inputs it to PDSS. TDS - can receive Global Positioning System timing signals. It can distribute timing signals to overhead displays and in packets to workstations and PDSS.

    44. POIC Types of Data Received at the POIC Core Systems Data -- from ISS via S-Band telemetry Payload Data -- from ISS via Ku-Band telemetry Voice -- Air to Ground and coordination audio for ground-to-ground Video -- downlink from ISS via JSC and uplink video from users Planning and procedures data -- integrated info from JSC & payload planning info from users Payload commands -- from IPs, TSCs, remote users Payload s/w loads from ESA Command responses -- from JSC TDRSS attitude and orbit data from JSC -- comes in through Consolidated Planning System (CPS) Files from users -- via PIMS e-mail web information Shuttle Data -- payload information received from shuttle OD/PDI during transport -- received from JSC Database information -- from PDL, PSIV, and MBF User Performance Data from White Sands IP - International Partner TSC - Telescience Support Center ESA - European Space Agency PIMS - Payload Information management System (a subset of EHS) OD/PDI - Orbiter Downlink/Payload Data Interleaver PDL - Payload Data Library -- repository of user requirements PSIV - Payload System Integration & Verification MBF - Mission Build Facility UPD - User Performance DAta -- White Sands DQMIP - International Partner TSC - Telescience Support Center ESA - European Space Agency PIMS - Payload Information management System (a subset of EHS) OD/PDI - Orbiter Downlink/Payload Data Interleaver PDL - Payload Data Library -- repository of user requirements PSIV - Payload System Integration & Verification MBF - Mission Build Facility UPD - User Performance DAta -- White Sands DQM

    45. POIC Types of Data Sent from the HOSC ISS Payload downlink data -- PDSS sends out EHS encapsulated packet data to the local users, remote users, TSCs, and to the International Partner gateways Ground Ancillary -- sent from EHS to PDSS for distribution to users The EHS sends directly to remote users, TSCs, and IPs: Ground Support Equipment (GSE) packets & Custom Data Packets (CDP) which can contain parameters from the telemetry database including shuttle data or ground ancillary data. command responses (EHS Bld 5) status messages (EHS Bld 5) The EHS has X-windows and web interfaces for users to receive certain information Payload Planning data and procedures information is sent to users and JSC The POIC can distribute POIC generated video (JSC distributes downlink video) The POIC sends the following to JSC/SSCC payload commands file uplinks software/data loads payload planning data Voice -- A/G audio and coordination audio e-mail PDSS -- Payload Data Services System TSC - Telescience Support Center IP - International Partner UF-3 Utilization Flight -- roughly corresponds to EHS Build 5/PDSS Release2 A/G - air-to-groundPDSS -- Payload Data Services System TSC - Telescience Support Center IP - International Partner UF-3 Utilization Flight -- roughly corresponds to EHS Build 5/PDSS Release2 A/G - air-to-ground

    46. POIC/PDSS From MSFC-DOC-2837 POIC System Architecture Process Figure 5 From MSFC-DOC-2837 POIC System Architecture Process Figure 5

    47. POIC/PDSS/Routing Routing the ISS Data -- PDSS PDSS Data is ingested into the PDSS system through the PDSS input switch and processed through a series of processors and switches until the data reaches the PDSS Network Servers. Once the data reaches the Network Servers, the data is placed into UDP/IP packets for distribution. PDSS has several subsystems including Data Acquisition & Extraction (DAE) which is a type of front end processor Data Distribution (DD) Data Storage & Retrieval (not available until EHS Bld 5 timeframe) PDSS can simultaneously receive Ku-Band data and S-Band data Two data types are processed during real-time: CCSDS Packets (Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems) BPDU (Bitstream Protocol Data Unit) Data is distributed using User Datagram Protocol (UDP) protocol {see Protocol section for more info} The PDSS distributes data from onboard payloads in real-time by adding a primary EHS header and PDSS payload CCSDS or BPDU packet secondary header with no modification to the entire onboard formatted CCSDS packet. UDP - User Datagram Protocol IP - Internet Protocol CCSDS - Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems BPDU - Bitstream Protocol Data Unit Information on PDSS can be found in . . . POIC Systems Arch. Doc MSFC-DOC-2837 PDSS Operations Concept Document MSFC-DOC-2130 Ku-Band upgrade will probably happen in “post UF-1era” Eventually Data Storage Manager will allow the data to be stored -- EHS build 5 -- early 2001UDP - User Datagram Protocol IP - Internet Protocol CCSDS - Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems BPDU - Bitstream Protocol Data Unit Information on PDSS can be found in . . . POIC Systems Arch. Doc MSFC-DOC-2837 PDSS Operations Concept Document MSFC-DOC-2130 Ku-Band upgrade will probably happen in “post UF-1era” Eventually Data Storage Manager will allow the data to be stored -- EHS build 5 -- early 2001

    48. POIC/PDSS/Routing Routing the ISS Data -- PDSS (cont) The PDSS receives the ISS Ku-Band data stream from the EMCS Enhanced Data System (EDS) at 50 Mbps The PDSS receives S-Band data at 192 kbps data stream from the EMCS Data Distribution System (DDS) and IRIG -B time signal from the EMCS Timing Distribution System (TDS). ISS data is in CCSDS recommended format. All input data streams are first captured and processed by the PDSS Data Acquisition and Extraction (DAE) element. The output from the DAE element is always EHS encapsulated BPDUs or EHS encapsulated CCSDS data packets. The PDSS uses APIDs to determine routing. The APID is found in the CCSDS packet header. Distribution of the EHS encapsulated data can be to either single or multiple destinations based on APID and Data Mode. Configuration, control, and status of the PDSS hardware and software components is established and maintained by an Integrated Support Team (IST) console position. Do we know when they plan to upgrade to 75 Mbps. - nixed due to budget cuts -- CSOC contract may upgrade it to 150 at a later date APID -- Application Process Identifier CCSDS - Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems BPDU - Bitstream Protocol Data Unit Data Mode -- Realtime, Playback, Dump etc IST -- Marshall Data or SysconDo we know when they plan to upgrade to 75 Mbps. - nixed due to budget cuts -- CSOC contract may upgrade it to 150 at a later date APID -- Application Process Identifier CCSDS - Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems BPDU - Bitstream Protocol Data Unit Data Mode -- Realtime, Playback, Dump etc IST -- Marshall Data or Syscon

    49. POIC/Routing Routing Shuttle Data Comes from JSC via NISN Comes into the EMCS Data Distribution System which sends it to the HOSC Project/Telemetry Server (part of EHS). The Front End Processor / OD stream processor on the Project Server performs EHS encapsulation of PDI data and routing to EHS workstations. Remote users can receive shuttle data via GSE Packets or Custom Data Packets Shuttle data is not treated or routed the same as ISS data. It is routed to the EHS system rather than PDSS. It must be viewed as processed data on an EHS workstation or via GSE or CDP packets. NISN - NASA Integrated Services Network EMCS - Enhanced Mission Communication System OD - Orbitor Downlink PDI - Payload Data Interleaver GSE - Ground Support Equipment Shuttle data is not treated or routed the same as ISS data. It is routed to the EHS system rather than PDSS. It must be viewed as processed data on an EHS workstation or via GSE or CDP packets. NISN - NASA Integrated Services Network EMCS - Enhanced Mission Communication System OD - Orbitor Downlink PDI - Payload Data Interleaver GSE - Ground Support Equipment

    50. POIC/EHS from POIC Systems Arch. Document MSFC- DOC-2837 Figure 3 from POIC Systems Arch. Document MSFC- DOC-2837 Figure 3

    51. POIC/EHS The Enhanced HOSC System processes data that is designated for processing. See the POIC Capabilities Document (SSP 50304)for detailed information on EHS. EHS uses a distributed architecture where the workstations provide the bulk of the processing capability to the individual users. EHS is made up of: Workstations Telemetry Server Command Server Database Server Payload Information Management System Sever (PIMS) Web Server EHS Remote Interface System Server (ERIS) System Monitor and Control Server (SMAC) Non-operationsal Development Environment (NDE) Firewall Local Area Network Time Distribution System Print Servers Workstations -- enables a user to receive tlm and perform decommuncations, conversions, calibrations, and limit sensing. Users can build displays, comps, scripts. Provides access to PIMS, PPS, and database server. Users can log in from remote sites to a workstation. Telemetry Server -- handles front-end processing tasks -- tlm acquisition, packetization, and distribution of OD and TDM streams. Primary and hot backup. Command Server -- holds command applications & operational cmd db. Receives cmds from local and remote users. does checks & validation. Sends cmd acceptance responses. Primary and Backup. Database Server -- provides config-controlled tlm and cmd db definition information, and storage/retrieval for UDEs. Change requests. Primary & Backup. PIMS Server -- holds PIMS db -- doc., mission planning, OCRs. Prime and warm backup. Web Server -- GSE packets generation, playback requests, local table info, DBCR, PIMS, etc. ERIS Server -- gateway to programmatic interfaces. redundant servers SMAC -- perform config, performance, security and fault management. Controlled by IST. multiple servers for redundancy. NDE -- local & remote users can develop UDEs & make inputs to dbs. First come/first serve. Firewall -- combined h/w s/w product -- for secure access between EHS network & public network. 2 server class machines. LAN -- several within POIC Time Distribution System -- receives, generates and distributes IRIG & GPS timing signals to overhead displays and POIC computers. Print Servers -- accept print requests form EHS systems & manage queuing of print jobs on the print devices. Workstations -- enables a user to receive tlm and perform decommuncations, conversions, calibrations, and limit sensing. Users can build displays, comps, scripts. Provides access to PIMS, PPS, and database server. Users can log in from remote sites to a workstation. Telemetry Server -- handles front-end processing tasks -- tlm acquisition, packetization, and distribution of OD and TDM streams. Primary and hot backup. Command Server -- holds command applications & operational cmd db. Receives cmds from local and remote users. does checks & validation. Sends cmd acceptance responses. Primary and Backup. Database Server -- provides config-controlled tlm and cmd db definition information, and storage/retrieval for UDEs. Change requests. Primary & Backup. PIMS Server -- holds PIMS db -- doc., mission planning, OCRs. Prime and warm backup. Web Server -- GSE packets generation, playback requests, local table info, DBCR, PIMS, etc. ERIS Server -- gateway to programmatic interfaces. redundant servers SMAC -- perform config, performance, security and fault management. Controlled by IST. multiple servers for redundancy. NDE -- local & remote users can develop UDEs & make inputs to dbs. First come/first serve. Firewall -- combined h/w s/w product -- for secure access between EHS network & public network. 2 server class machines. LAN -- several within POIC Time Distribution System -- receives, generates and distributes IRIG & GPS timing signals to overhead displays and POIC computers. Print Servers -- accept print requests form EHS systems & manage queuing of print jobs on the print devices.

    52. POIC/ Data Paths Overview Figure 13 from POIC Sys Arch Doc. MSFC-DOC-2837Figure 13 from POIC Sys Arch Doc. MSFC-DOC-2837

    53. POIC/Protocols Transmission Methods and Protocols Protocol: Sets of rules & agreements; describe how elements interact Transport Protocols -- ‘lower level’ standardized network protocols TCP -- Transmission Control Protocol requires ‘handshaking’ on the part of the computers used for distribution of Custom Data Packets by the EHS system used for distribution of data to the G2 application UDP -- User Datagram Protocol a connection-less oriented protocol that does not guarantee delivery of data. (i.e. no handshaking by the computers) Generally used as a mechanism for application programs to send datagrams to other application programs. used for distribution of PDSS telemetry data and GSE packets For more information on networks and protocols . . . . PGUIDD section 3.3.2; applicable documents from PGUIDD; books or textbooks on networks Network protocols are described in layers -- the ISO model starting with lowest is: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application. physical: physical process of getting data from one point to another (h/w) datalink: error control; separates control data from user data w/frames (h/w) network, transport, session & presentation: each provide a service for layers above them; exact functions depend on protocol. Services provided include route selection, congestion control, multiplexing, user interface, message format interpretation. (usually implemented via firmware or software) application layer: programs which perform the tasks desired by the user. e.g. file service, printer service and mail service programs TCP/IP -- think telephone -- each person verifies the other (hello - hello) before the message is sent UDP -- think letter -- you know the address and put it in the mail and hope it gets there. PDSS - Payload Data Services System GSE - Ground Support Equipment For more information on networks and protocols . . . . PGUIDD section 3.3.2; applicable documents from PGUIDD; books or textbooks on networks Network protocols are described in layers -- the ISO model starting with lowest is: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application. physical: physical process of getting data from one point to another (h/w) datalink: error control; separates control data from user data w/frames (h/w) network, transport, session & presentation: each provide a service for layers above them; exact functions depend on protocol. Services provided include route selection, congestion control, multiplexing, user interface, message format interpretation. (usually implemented via firmware or software) application layer: programs which perform the tasks desired by the user. e.g. file service, printer service and mail service programs TCP/IP -- think telephone -- each person verifies the other (hello - hello) before the message is sent UDP -- think letter -- you know the address and put it in the mail and hope it gets there. PDSS - Payload Data Services System GSE - Ground Support Equipment

    54. POIC/Protocols Standard Application Protocols -- a layer above the standardized transport protocols FTP - File Transport Protocol a protocol to deliver file-structured information from one host to another used for moving files e.g. files to PIMS? Telnet -- Terminal to Host Network Protocol used for virtual terminals used for X-windows at the POIC SMTP/Mail -- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol a platform independent transport protocol which uses TCP/IP to transfer mail between various platforms used for e-mail access to/from the POIC HTTP-- HyperText Transfer Protocol used for web interfaces such as iURC and some EHS services SSH-- Secure Shell a secure packet-based binary protocol that works on top of any transport protocol that will pass a stream of binary data used for X-windows SSL3 -- Secure Socket Layer has encryption and handshake protocols used in the access of POIC web capabilities see notes from previous slide on network protocol layerssee notes from previous slide on network protocol layers

    55. POIC/Telemetry & Command Protocols Telemetry and Command Protocols Used by ISS Commands all commands adhere to CCSDS packet format where the header information determines the routing to the destination. Telemetry Protocols Overall EHS protocol uses UDP for all distribution - except Custom Data Packets. It has a primary header & a secondary header followed by the data in a CCSDS packet CCSDS packet has a primary header and optional secondary header followed by data Bitstream command & telemetry -- protocols peculiar to ISS CCSDS - Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems UDP - User Datagram Protocolcommand & telemetry -- protocols peculiar to ISS CCSDS - Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems UDP - User Datagram Protocol

    56. POIC/Telemetry Protocols Specialized Telemetry Protocols PDSS Payload CCSDS Packets contains payload data downlinked from the ISS. POIC/PDSS distributes data real-time by adding a primary EHS header and a secondary header with no modification to the entire on-board formatted CCSDS packet PDSS Payload BPDU Packets contains payload bitstream data downlinked from the ISS POIC/PDSS distributes data real-time by adding a primary EHS header and a secondary header with no modification to the entire on-board formatted BPDU packet. GSE Packets contain data extracted from any of the data that is in the POIC telemetry database. The remote user creates the GSE packet through a telemetry database application. has an EHS header and CCSDS headers Custom Data Packets contains data extracted from any data that is defined in the POIC telemetry database. It is distributed via TCP/IP. The user identifies the packet contents through a programmatic interface It has an EHS Primary and secondary header and a CCSDS Packet which headers are slapped on the various data packets coming from the POIC PDSS - Payload Data Services System CCSDS - Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems BPDU - Bitstream Protocol Data Unit GSE - Ground Support Equipment TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol which headers are slapped on the various data packets coming from the POIC PDSS - Payload Data Services System CCSDS - Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems BPDU - Bitstream Protocol Data Unit GSE - Ground Support Equipment TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

    57. POIC/Interfaces See the POIC to Generic User Interface Definition Document (SSP 50305) for detailed information on interfaces and protocols. NOTE: The POIC does not interface directly to remote user facilities or other NASA centers. The most common carrier is NISN -- which coordinates with commercial carries for communications transport.

    58. POIC/Interfaces Interfaces POIC Interfaces to remote facilities (see PCD & PGUIDD for more information) web -- many POIC services can be accessed via the world wide web. e.g. iURC, PG, PIMS, some EHS services X-windows-- a way for users outside the HOSC to log directly into an EHS workstation that is located within the HOSC Real-time Telemetry Interface -- data is sent from PDSS in CCSDS or BPDU packets using the UDP protocol Real-time Extracted Telemetry Interface -- EHS encapsulated data from the database and sends it out. Can use UDP or TCP protocols. Programmatic Interface -- a bi-directional interface between computers -- used for Custom Data Packets Command Interface -- allows users to update modifiable commands and uplink commands File Transfer -- used for PIMS, etc. video -- POIC generated video (downlink video is sent to users from JSC) voice -- can send/receive ground voice; can send A/G voice e-mail -- can send and receive Note: These interfaces are available to the non-TSC US remote sites. The users request them in the Ground Data Services section of PDL Note: Users who bring GSE into the USOC are considered ‘remote’ users. PCD -- POIC Capabilities Document PGUIDD -- POIC to Generic User Interface Defintion Document iURC - interim User Req. Collection -- used by Planning folks PG - Product Generation -- part of the Planning System PIMS - Payload Information Management System UDP - User Datagram Protocol TCP - Transmission Control Protocol GSE - Ground Support Equipment interface -- a means of interaction between two systems or groups PCD -- POIC Capabilities Document PGUIDD -- POIC to Generic User Interface Defintion Document iURC - interim User Req. Collection -- used by Planning folks PG - Product Generation -- part of the Planning System PIMS - Payload Information Management System UDP - User Datagram Protocol TCP - Transmission Control Protocol GSE - Ground Support Equipment interface -- a means of interaction between two systems or groups

    59. POIC/Interfaces Interfaces to TSCs Telescience Support Centers (TSCs) are NASA funded facilities which provide the capability to plan and operate payloads and experiments from a central location. They provide floor space, workstations, as well as voice, video, and data interfaces. For ISS payloads, the TSCs use interfaces provided by the Huntsville Operations Support Center at MSFC to conduct space operations for experiment teams. TSCs are located at Johnson Space Center (JSC), Ames Research Center (ARC), Glenn Research Center (GRC), and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) at the Microgravity Development Lab (MDL). The TSCs will generally have all the interfaces listed on the previous page. Each TSC has an Interface Control Document (ICD) with the HOSC that lists all the interfaces that will be supported between that center and the HOSC. SSP 50364 HOSC to JSC TSC ICD SSP 50366 HOSC to GRC TSC ICD SSP 50367 HOSC to ARC TSC ICD SSP 50364 HOSC to JSC TSC ICD SSP 50366 HOSC to GRC TSC ICDSSP 50367 HOSC to ARC TSC ICD

    60. POIC/Interfaces Interfaces to IPs POIC Interfaces to IP Gateways interface for PDSS originated data FTP interface to PDSS Retrieval Processor/Storage Manager (this will be available later in the program . . .) Web Interface to POIC information systems such as PPS, PIMS, EHS applications -- web Voice Video (to those who require it) e-mail Generally these interfaces use the same protocols that were discussed previously. Interfaces are called for each International Partner in an Interface Control Document (ICD). SSP 45001 SSCC to HOSC ICD SSP 45025 HOSC to NASDA ICD SSP 45026 HOSC to ESA ICD SSP 50368 HOSC to RSA ICD PDSS - Payload Data Services System FTP - File Transfer ProtocolSSP 45001 SSCC to HOSC ICD SSP 45025 HOSC to NASDA ICD SSP 45026 HOSC to ESA ICD SSP 50368 HOSC to RSA ICD PDSS - Payload Data Services System FTP - File Transfer Protocol

    61. POIC/Interfaces to IPs Network Services (Protocols) used for Interfaces to IP Gateways FTP file transfer, e.g. data files for PIMS TCP/IP custom data packets from EHS; e-mail uses it UDP/IP packets from PDSS X-windows over secure shell connection (SSH) view schedule of files being uplinked, view OSTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) e-mail Hypertext Transfer Protocol over secure socket layers (https) web interfaces include, PPS systems PG & URC, certain EHS applications such as viewing telemetry database info, PIMS additional services can be enabled with justification & authorization FTP - File Transfer Protocol TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol UDP - User Datagram Protocol PDSS - Payload Data Services System SSH - Secure Shell OSTP - OnBoard Short Term Plan SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol PPS - Payload Planning System URC - User Requirements Collection system PIMS - Payload Information Management SystemFTP - File Transfer Protocol TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol UDP - User Datagram Protocol PDSS - Payload Data Services System SSH - Secure Shell OSTP - OnBoard Short Term Plan SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol PPS - Payload Planning System URC - User Requirements Collection system PIMS - Payload Information Management System

    62. Summary You should have learned that data is generated on-board and sent to the ground via TDRSS (on either S-Band or Ku-Band) It can be distributed around the US to various users and around the world to IPs. The US Ground System has two main real-time facilities -- SSCC and POIC. the SSCC controls core systems the POIC controls payloads At the POIC, the EMCS, PDSS and EHS play major roles in collecting, processing and distributing data. There are a number of different transmission methods and protocols that are used to send and receive data.

    63. Where to get more information Other training sessions PDSS Orientation Electronic sources NISN homepage: http://www.nisn.nasa.gov Red Dwarf https://red-dwarf.msfc.nasa.gov NISN page has information on who they are are what they do. Red-Dwarf is a page developed and maintained by UMS contractors -- most of the EHS and HOSC related documents can be found on that page. It is on a secure machine -- users may have to set their proxies on Netscape/Internet Explorer in order to reach it. No username/password is needed to get to the documentsNISN page has information on who they are are what they do. Red-Dwarf is a page developed and maintained by UMS contractors -- most of the EHS and HOSC related documents can be found on that page. It is on a secure machine -- users may have to set their proxies on Netscape/Internet Explorer in order to reach it. No username/password is needed to get to the documents

    64. Reference Documentation SSP 41154 USOS to USGS Command and Telemetry ICD SSP 41158 USOS to USGS High Rate Data (Ku-Band) ICD SSP 42018 USOS to Ground through TDRSS ICD SSP 45001 SSCC to HOSC ICD SSP 45026 HOSC to ESA ICD SSP 45025 HOSC to NASDA ICD SSP 50364 HOSC to JSC TSC ICD SSP 50366 HOSC to LeRC TSC ICD SSP 50367 HOSC to ARC TSC ICD SSP 50368 HOSC to RSA ICD SSP 50304 POIC Capabilities Document (PCD) SSP 50305 POIC to Generic User IDD (PGUIDD) SSP 54001 NPRD/PRD - Space Station Program Support Requirements, System Network Program Requirements Document SSP 54500 International Ground Segment Specification SSP 54501 International Ground System Integration, Verification & Test Management Plan MSFC-DOC-2837 POIC Systems Architecture Document MSFC-PLAN-904 HOSC Functional Requirements and Implementation Plan

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