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Nov 6, 7 Review. Romanticism. How do The Erlking and La Boheme both project irony? How do composers such as Chopin, Schumann, Liszt, Mendelssohn make their living? What is the connection between industrialization and art?
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Romanticism • How do The Erlking and La Boheme both project irony? • How do composers such as Chopin, Schumann, Liszt, Mendelssohn make their living? • What is the connection between industrialization and art? • Both Puccini and Wagner make their operas more continuously flowing. What is the difference in their approaches? • Why is it said that music transitions from the classical era’s participation art to the Romantic era’s spectator art? • Why do composers write music that is more difficult to play?
Romanticism • What is the connection between popular music journalism and Europe’s touring “superstar” performers? • What is nationalism, and what events and attitudes bring it about? • What is exoticism? • Who is Victoria and what is her significance? • Gesamkunstwerk: • What is it? • Who formulated and acted on the idea? • What is an art song? • What is an etude? • What is program music? • Concert overture unique element • Tone poem (symphonic poem) unique element
Romanticism • What is the Romantic era’s most popular instrument? • What is the “mission” of Romantic music? • Transition composers: • Classical to Romantic eras. • Romantic era to 20th C. • Romantic composers develop new techniques to _________ their pieces. • What is the difference between program music and absolute music? Which is more popular in the Romantic era? • What is monumentalism? Miniaturism? • Explain, “message trumps form.” • Leitmotives perform two functions: • ? • ?
Middle Ages • Dark ages • When? • Cause? • Societal structure • Most important musical development… • Explain: Cantus firmus, organum, measured R • M.A. instrumental music used for what? • Is there a beat? • What instruments used? • Texture that dominated MA • MA visual art characteristics
Middle Ages • Mass • Pope Gregory’s work • What is liturgy? • Ordinary vs proper items TEXT!!!!! • Composers set which items? • Why set those? • Romanesque & Gothic architecture illustrate what? • Contributions of and when they worked: • Jongleurs • Troubadours • Ars Nova composers • Close of M.A. • Europe & church embattled--population becomes more ???? • Explain significance of Machaut • Where did he work • What century ends M.A.? • Where was center of Europe’s cultural activity?
Renaissance • What century? • Three early Ren phenomena that shaped era… • Country in vanguard of Ren. Developments. Why? • What is connection between clergy and humanism? • Explain text or word painting. • What texture is favored in Ren? • Difference between Mass part and motet… • What is a madrigal? • What are madrigalisms? • Talk about a capella style. • Meaning • What made it fashionable?
Renaissance • What is connection between music printing and performance? • Instruments • Early Ren; late Ren • Commonly used for… • Used in church? • What is a consort? • Significance of St Peters, Rome & St Marks, Venice • Visual art characteristics • Make a connection between visual art characteristics & musical texture