結構防振液流阻尼器之研發及應用研討會 (95.2.11) 實驗案例 Shaking Table Test of Full Scale Structure Controlled with Fluid Dampers (EASEC-9, Bal

1. 結構防振液流阻尼器之研發及應用研討會(95.2.11)實驗案例Shaking Table Test of Full Scale Structure Controlled with Fluid Dampers(EASEC-9, Bali, Indonesia, 2003.12.16-18, ppVID1-7) Deh-Shiu Hsu, Yung-Feng Lee, Guan-Kai Wang and Chien-Yaun Hou Department of Civil Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C

2. Efforts for produce fluid dampers in Taiwan: • Performance test for the devices： small scale, full scale • Shaking table structural test ： model structures, full scale structures

3. Prototype of the damper Fig.1

4. data acquisition system Pumping system damper load cell actuator Test installation for cyclic dynamic performance test Fig.2

5. Benchmark structure installed with fluid dampers —prepared for shaking table test Height : 3.0m in each story Span : 4.5m×3.0m Column : H200×204×12×12 Beam : H200×150×6×9 length of damper : 1.077m linked member : 2.85m steel tube dampers are linked in diagonal direction with pin joints at corner of the 4.5m spans. Fig.3

6. strain gage load cell LVDT accelerometer Sketch of the test installation for 3-stories steel frame Fig.4

7. Physical properties of dampers are detected by cyclic dynamic test. Table 1

8. Hysteresis loop of C1 to C6 dampers

9. test cases: 1.PGA 300gal El Centro (May,1940) 2. PGA 800gal JiJi (Sept,1999) • C1 • C2 • C3 • C4 • C5 • C6 • Dampers are installed at the lst floor only. • Dampers are installed at the lst and 2nd floors. • Dampers are installed at the lst and 3rd floors. • Damper are installed at all of the three floors. Earthquake damper various installation installed Fig.6 totally 48 cases.

10. Earthquake excitations: (a)1940, EL Centro , 300gal (b) 1999, JiJi EQ, 800gal Fig.7

11. Table 2Test Results : responses of the benchmark structure (without damper installed)

12. Table 3Test Results : Displacement and its control efficiency when C1 damper is installed

13. Table 4Test Results : Acceleration and its control efficiency when C1 damper is installed

14. Table 5Test Results : Shear force and max. axial force with its control efficiency of the column at 1st floor when C1 damper is installed

15. As an example, when C1 damper is installed in all of the floors. Fig.8 damping ratio of the structure is increased by 32%

16. Fig.9Hysteresis loops of the damper installed at the 1st floor in the case of damper installed in all of three floors and subject to EL Centro earthquake.

17. Fig.10Hysteresis loops of the damper installed at the 1st floor in the case of damper installed in all of three floors and subject to JiJi earthquake.

18. Numerical analysis: (selected example) Numerical analysis by software package SAP2000N is also performed and then compared to the test data. Fig.11 Comparison of theoretical and experimental results.

19. Conclusions: • In order to develop the potential of locally product dampers, research is needed and many of tests have to be taken to fulfill the needs of design requirements and to guarantee the quality of the products. What we have done in Taiwan do have enriching the confidence to introduce the technique to construction and designing engineers.

20. Carefully seismic design is very much needed before the aseismatic engineering measures are executed. Static and dynamic properties of energy dissipation devices should be very well understood. In addition, the location, as well as the number of damper intended to be installed should be analysed and designed in detail before the control system is applied to the real project. Here is an example which negative control result is obtained.

21. Example : Failed control design with improper damper installed system C6 damper is installed at 1,2, and 3 floors and subjected to JiJi earthquake. The Figure shows the negative acceleration control results. Fig.12 Improper design

22. Thanks for attention!