Ecosystems

1. Ecosystems BIO 1113/1114 Oklahoma City Community College Dennis Anderson 1

2. Ecosystem • An ecosystem is a community of organisms and the physical environment with which these organisms interact. 2

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4. Producer • Produces food • Energy from sunlight converted into chemical energy • Plants • Algae 4

5. Plants and Algae Produce Oxygen 5

6. Consumer • Consume food by eating • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary 6

7. Decomposer • Decompose dead bodies and organic matter • Fungi • Bacteria 7

10. Pyramid of Numbers Consumer 1 Consumer 90,000 Consumer 200,000 Producers 1,500,000 10

11. Pyramid of Biomass Consumer 1 g/m2 Consumer 11 g/m2 Consumer 37 g/m2 Producers 809 g/m2 11

13. Energy • Does not cycle in an ecosystem • Usable energy lost at each trophic level • Sun is the source of energy 13

14. Man Cattle Alfalfa Man Rice 14

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16. Sun 1,000,000 Calories Producer 5,000 2,000 1,000 500 Consumer Consumer Consumer 200 Decomposer 6,700 Heat 20,000 5,000 10,000 1,000 2,000 500 300 16 Total 20,000

17. Abiotic Components of an Ecosystem • Carbon • Nitrogen • Water • Temperature • Sunlight • Etc 17

19. Greenhouse Effect 19

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21. Global Warming 21

23. Global Warming • Scientists can now state with at least 90 percent certainty that most of the global warming seen since 1950 has come about because of the human activities of deforestation and the emission of such gases as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

25. Arctic Ice Shrinking

26. Carbon Dioxide Generators 26

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33. Aquatic Environments Ocean Freshwater 33

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36. Algal Bloom 36

37. Fish Kill 37

38. Coral Reefs • Most productive ecosystems in the oceans • Some are millions of years old • Warm water near continents and islands • Built on skeletons of corals

39. Coral Reefs 27% of coral reefs destroyed Global warming Over fishing Mining Pollution 39

40. The End 40