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Diazoniun Salts

Diazoniun Salts. Physical Properties. colourless crystalline solid. soluble in water and is stable in cold but reacts with water when warmed. It decomposes easily in the dry state. . Chemical Reactions. Reactions involving displacement of nitrogen. Replacement by halide or cyanide ion.

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Diazoniun Salts

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  1. Diazoniun Salts

  2. Physical Properties • colourless crystalline solid. • soluble in water and is stable in cold but reacts with water when warmed. • It decomposes easily in the dry state.

  3. Chemical Reactions Reactions involving displacement of nitrogen

  4. Replacement by halide or cyanide ion • This reaction is called Sandmeyer reaction.

  5. Gatterman reaction.

  6. Replacement by iodide ion: • when the diazonium salt solution is treated with potassium iodide, iodobenzene is formed.

  7. Replacement by fluoride ion: • When arenediazonium chloride is treated with fluoroboric acid, arenediazoniumfluoroborateis precipitated which on heating decomposes to yield aryl fluoride.

  8. Replacement by H: • Certain mild reducing agents like hypophosphorousacid (phosphinic acid) or ethanol reduce diazoniumsalts to arenes and themselves get oxidisedto phosphorous acid and ethanal, respectively.

  9. Replacement by hydroxyl group: • 283 K, the salt gets hydrolysed to phenol.

  10. Replacement by –NO2 group:

  11. Reactions involving retention of diazo group Coupling reactions

  12. coupling reactions • These compounds are often coloured and are used as dyes. These compounds are often coloured and are used as dyes.

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