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BRINK OF THE STORM

BRINK OF THE STORM. THE NATION DIVIDED. Long Term Causes of the Civil War. Division. Sectionalism: An extreme loyalty to a particular region of a nation and the region’s interests and ways of doing things. Nationalism: A strong feeling of loyalty and devotion to one’s nation.

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BRINK OF THE STORM

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  1. BRINK OF THE STORM THE NATION DIVIDED

  2. Long Term Causes of the Civil War Division Sectionalism: An extreme loyalty to a particular region of a nation and the region’s interests and ways of doing things. Nationalism: A strong feeling of loyalty and devotion to one’s nation.

  3. Long Term Causes of the Civil War Sectionalism NORTH: • Industry(factories) • No slavery • Federal government over state government* SOUTH: • Agriculture (farming) • Slavery • State government over federal government* ****State’s Rights: A belief held by some people that the states should have certain rights, specifically the right to ignore any federal law with which the people of the state do not agree.

  4. Long Term Causes of the Civil War

  5. The Compromise of 1850 MAIN CHARACTERS Henry Clay feared that if a ____________ was not reached the country would _________ apart. Known as the ___________ Compromiser John C. Calhoun refused to _______________ insisting that fugitive ____________ be returned to their ____________. Last reported words 1850: “The Poor _______! God knows what will become of her now!” compromise compromise break slaves owners Great south

  6. The Compromise of 1850 WHY ANOTHER COMPROMISE? 1) ________________ wanted to become a ____________ state 2) The ______ had gained new territory from ______________ 3) Without ____________, the ___________ would leave the _________________. California free US Mexico balance South After the Mexican-AmericanWar…known as the MEXICAN CESSION! Go Polk  Union

  7. The Compromise of 1850 The Compromise of 1850 had 5 parts… • Formed territories of ________ _________ and _________ and decision of slavery based on __________ ________________. • Allowed ____________ to enter Union as ___________ state. ___________ have the power. Issues should be decided by ________. Majority ___________ voting people rule New Utah Mexico popular sovereignty California free

  8. The Compromise of 1850 3. Created strict __________ 4. Ended the ___________ trade in ___________________ 5. Settled a border dispute between ______________ and __________________________ slave laws Fugitive Slave Law ________ citizens _________ help capture runaway ________ or face ________ time & $_________ fine all must slave slaves Washington D.C. jail 1,000 Texas $30,000 today! New Mexico

  9. The Compromise of 1850 FUGiTIVE SLAVE LAWS Video African Americans suspected to be a runaway were not allowed a trial by jury. Judges were paid $10.00 ($250.00) for charging blacks as runaways and returned to the south. $5.00 ($125.00) for deciding they were free.

  10. Fugative Slave Laws ANTHONY BURNS An escaped slave captured in Boston who becomes “poster child” for fugitive slave dispute….Pres. Pierce wanted to make an example of him Causes the abolition movement to grow in the North!

  11. The Compromise of 1850 UNCLE TOM'S CABIN Story of a kind, religious ______________ named Uncle __________ and evil slave owner Simon _____________. Showed the evils of ______________ and the _______________________ Act Popular in ______________ and hated in the _______________ _____________ complaint: did not give a ________ picture of __________ life Made more _____________ see ___________ as ________________ President Lincoln said told her: slave Tom Legree slavery Fugitive Slave North South Southern Written in _______ by Harriet Beecher _________ slave true 1852 Northerners slavery immoral “So you’re the little lady that started this big war…” Stowe

  12. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT 1854 Franklin Pierce The land over which the new transcontinental railroad would run needed to be settled. “Handsome” Frank Pierce First President to have a Christmas Tree in the White House! Senator Stephen Douglas (Illinois) drafted a bill to organize territorial government for the Nebraska Territory

  13. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT It divided the rest of Louisiana Purchase into 2 territories or Kansas and Nebraska. It let residents vote whether to allow slavery. (called popular sovereignty) The MO Compromise’s limit on slavery north of the 36 30 latitude. Kansas violent 1854 1858

  14. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Anti and Pro Slavery groups send supporters to Kansas to vote! Both groups try to gain support of the legislature. Northern Abolitionists formed the Emigrant Aid Society…they gave people who agreed with them money, wagons, guns, and supplies to move to Kansas! Southerners founded the Blue Lodge*…they paid settlers to move from Missouri to Kansas *Not the Masonic Blue Lodge

  15. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Effect: After a pro-slavery group attacks the town of Lawrence, Abolitionist John Brown leads Pottawatomie Massacre in which five pro-slavery men are killed. John Brown, an abolitionist and soon to be martyr, with his four sons dragged five proslavery settlers from their beds and murdered them. This started both sides using hit-and-run tactics, guerilla warfare, on the other, killing over 200 people.

  16. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Effect: The Birth of the Republican Party…who were determined to ban slavery in new territory.

  17. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Effect: In late May 1856 Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts delivered a speech to proslavery forces in Kansas. Preston Brooks (relative of someone Sumner made fun of in his speech) attacked Charles Sumner – hitting him more than 30 times. Charles Sumner Preston Brooks

  18. Trouble in Kansas KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT An 1854 cartoon depicts a giant free soiler being held down by James Buchanan and Lewis Cass standing on the Democratic platform marked "Kansas", "Cuba" and "Central America". Franklin Pierce also holds down the giant's beard as Stephen A. Douglas shoves a black man down his throat.

  19. Bleeding Kansas

  20. Trouble in Kansas Was he a HERO or a VILLAIN? JOHN BROWN'S RAID Video ____________________ that led a raid to the town of Harper’s Ferry, ______________. He planned to raid a federal _____________ and lead _______________ Americans in a __________________. After gaining control of the arsenal Brown’s plans failed because of ______________ E. __________. His men killed _______ raiders and captured ___________________. Found guilty of _______________ and __________________ and sentenced to __________________. Many northerners considered him a ___________________ for abolition. Abolitionist Virginia arsenal African revolt Robert Lee 10 Brown murder treason death martyr Would slaves really take arms? John Brown’s Speech

  21. Trouble in Kansas DRED SCOTT The Supreme Court ruled 7-2 __________________ Scott and said: 1) That Dred Scott was _______________________, therefore not a _________________ he was incapable of filing a __________________ to begin with. 2) Enslaved people could not win ______________ simply by living in a ___________ territory or state. 3) According to the _________________, no citizen can be deprived of _____________________ thus, Congress did not have the power to __________________ slavery in any ______________. This ends the ________________________ Compromise and Popular _____________________ against property citizen lawsuit freedom free Constitution What do you think? Is he free now? Scott ____________ tried to buy his freedom after his master ______________, the case made it to the Supreme Court in ______________. property died outlaw territory Missouri 1857 Sovereignty

  22. The Lincoln-Douglas Debates Background: During the mid-1800’s, the United States experienced a growing influence that pushed different regions of the country further and further apart, ultimately leading to the Civil War. This influence was caused by the many conflicts occurring between the different sections of the country: North and South, East and West, Industrial and Agricultural, Democrats and Whig or Republican. These conflicts can be seen in the Lincoln-Douglas debates, a series of 8 debates between the candidates for the U.S. Senator position in Illinois in 1858. Both candidates, Democrat incumbent Stephen Douglas and Republican challenger Abraham Lincoln, can be seen as major political figures relating to the growing feeling of sectionalism and separation in the U.S. during the mid-1800’s. Directions: As you act out the mock panel discussion, answer each question that follows each section in your graphic organizer. When done, answer the topic question in at least a paragraph.

  23. The Lincoln-Douglas Debates Stephen Douglas: Democratic Lawyer and Senator from Illinois. He disliked Slavery, but didn’t want controversy to interfere with growth…. Believed in Popular Sovereignty Abraham Lincoln: A Lawyer from Illinois. He was a former Whig who joined Republican party. He thought slavery was wrong, but didn’t think it could be eliminated… He did not want slavery to spread

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