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Chapter 10

Chapter 10. Section 4: Us v. Them: Group Identity. Each of us develops a personal identity that is based on our particular traits & unique life history Social Identity:

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chapter 10 Section 4: Us v. Them: Group Identity

  2. Each of us develops a personal identity that is based on our particular traits & unique life history • Social Identity: • The part of a person’s self-concept that is based on identification with a nation, culture, or group or with gender or other roles in society. • Important because they give us a sense of place & position in the world

  3. Ethnic Identity A person’s identification with a racial, religious, or ethnic group. • Acculturation: • The process by which members of minority groups come to identify with and feel part of the mainstream culture.

  4. Acculturation Strategies 4 ways of balancing ethnic identity & acculturation depending on whether ethnic identity is strong or weak & whether identity with the larger culture is strong or weak

  5. Bicultural- have strong ties to both their ethnicity & the larger culture • Assimilation- have weak feelings of ethnicity but a strong sense of acculturation • Ethnic separatists- have a strong sense of ethnic identity but weak feelings of acculturation • Marginal- connected to neither their ethnicity or the dominate culture

  6. Many individuals pick & choose among the values, food, traditions, & customs of the mainstream culture, while also keeping aspects of their heritage that are important to their self identity

  7. Ethnocentrism • The belief that one’s own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others • Universal because it aids survival by increasing people’s attachment to their own group & willingness to work on its behalf

  8. Rests on a fundamental social identity-US! • Us/them social identities are strengthened when two groups compete with each other

  9. Robbers’ Cave Experiment • Boys were randomly separated into two groups • “Rattlers” and “Eagles” • Competitions fostered hostility between the groups. • Experimenters contrived situations requiring cooperation for success. • Cross-group friendships increased.

  10. Stereotypes • A cognitive schema or a summary impression of a group, in which a person believes that all members of the group share a common trait or traits (positive, negative, or neutral).

  11. Not necessarily bad • Help us quickly process new information & retrieve memories • Allow us to organize, experience, & predict how people will behave

  12. Distort reality in 3 ways • Exaggerate differences between groups • Produce selective perception • See only evidence that fits the stereotype • Underestimate differences within groups • All members of other groups are the same

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