The World Bank Institute

1. The World Bank Institute By, Nimra Muhammed and Aroma Saini CGAP 2A

2. The World Bank • A global connector of knowledge, learning and innovation for poverty reduction with a focus on how to reform. • Created to help reduce poverty and support reconstruction of developing countries • Headquarters based in Washington, D.C.

3. Five Institutions within WBI • 1. International Back for Reconstruction Development (IBRD) • 2. International Development Association (IDA) • 3. International Finance Corporation (IFC) • 4. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) • 5. International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)

4. International Back for Reconstruction and Development • Known as IBRD • Tends to governments of middle-income and creditworthy low-income countries • 188 member nations

5. International Development Association • Shortened to IDA • provides interest-free loans—called credits—and grants to governments of the poorest countries • 172 members nations

6. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) • Largest global development institution focused exclusively on private sector • Help developing countries achieve sustainable growth by financing investment, mobilizing capital in international financial markets, and providing advisory services to businesses and governments. • 184 members nations

7. The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) • Created in 1988 • Promotes foreign direct investment into developing countries to support economic growth, reduce poverty, and improve people’s lives. • Fulfills this mandate by offering political risk insurance to investors and lenders. • 179 members nations

8. The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) • Provides facilities for conciliation and arbitration of investment disputes • 142 members

9. Mission Statement • Provides area of support for newly developing countries by open knowledge (how to reform), collaborative governance (mobilize for collaborative action), innovative solutions (overcome struggles in development) • Provide technical and financial support • Reducing poverty is still a long-term goal to reach

10. Articles of Agreement • A constitution, it is a compilation of 11 articles. • Agreement if from Internation Back of Reconstruction Development (IBRD) but accounts for World Bank Institute as well • 1. Help in reconstruction and development of members • 2. Promotes private foreign investment and agreement in loans • 3. Encourage long-reaching growth of international trade like NAFTA but internationally trade with membership countries • 4. Guaranteed to international loans through useful projects, on large or small scale, but most important issue comes first

11. Since 1944… • Expanded from one institute into a collaboration of five development institutions • Created in 1944, 69 years old • Drastic increase in assistance of social media and media in general • Focus changes from financial support to access of world knowledge and transparency of government and accountability

12. Membership • Total of 188 members • Islamic Republic of Iran: December 29, 1945 • Mexico: December 31, 1945 • Nigeria: March 30, 1961 • United Kingdom: December 27, 1945 • Russia: not in the World Bank • China: December 27, 1945 • Also collaborates with the United Nations in areas such as fragile states, climate change, and human development.

13. Leadership • First President was Eugene Meyer • Current President: Jim Yong Kim (12th president) • Elected by Board of Governors with a 5 year, renewable term • Board of Governors: ultimate policymakers, ministers of finance • 25 Executive Directors: work on-site, meet twice a week to oversee the Bank’s business (approval of loans, new policies etc)

14. Advantages of WBI Membership • Encourages co-financing • Improves private sector • Participation on tariffs • Access to capital markets for private sector • Lower cost of financing • Improve project sustainability • Reduce risk of private transaction in emerging countries

15. Disadvantage of the WBI • accused of not involving communities in decision-making • assumes that benefits will help the poor rather than the rich and powerful • accused of paying little attention to rural poverty

16. International Impact • Iran: Northern Cities Water Supply and Sanitation Project • China: Hunan Forest Restoration and Development Project • Mexico: Sustainable Rural Development Additional Financing • Russia: Microfinance Development Project • Nigeria: NG-Polio Eradication Support • United Kingdom: Shareholder of World Bank. The Department of External Affairs of the World Bank manages day-to-day relations with British Constituencies, including government, parliamentarians, private sector, civil society, academics, and media.

17. Works Cited • "Resources." News & Broadcast. The World Bank Group, 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. • Vidal, John. "World Bank Spending on Forests Fails to Curb Poverty, Auditors Claim." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 29 Jan. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. • "Bad Samaritans." Multinational Monitor. Corporate Accountability Research, Oct. 2008. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. • "Site Tools." About Us. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. <http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/0,,contentMDK:20046292~menuPK:1696892~pagePK:51123644~piPK:329829~theSitePK:29708,00.html>. • "Microfinance Development Project." The World Bank. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2013. <http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P095554/microfinance-development-project?lang=en>.

18. Works Cited • "United Kingdom and the World Bank." The World Bank. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. <http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/WBEUROPEEXTN/UKEXT/0,,contentMDK:22912565~menuPK:8126710~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:8120290,00.html>. • "Projects & Operations." The World Bank. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2013. <http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P076884/ir-northern-cities-water-supply-sanitation-project?lang=en>. • "Hunan Forest Restoration and Development Project." The World Bank. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2013. <http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P125021/hunan-forest-restoration-development-project?lang=en>. • “Sustainable Rural Development.“ The World Bank. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2013. <http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P130623/sustainable-rural-development-additional-financing?lang=en>. • "NG-Polio Eradication Support (FY13)." The World Bank. The World Bank Group, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2013. <http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P130865/ng-polio-eradication-support-fy13?lang=en>.