The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation

1. The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation The Herzberg Theory Two-Factor Theory of Motivation A theory that identifies two sets of factors that influence job satisfaction: • Motivators Job-content factors such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, and the work itself • Hygiene Factors Job-context variables such as salary, interpersonal relations, technical supervision, working conditions, and company policies and administration

3. Hygiene Factors Motivators Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Salary Technical supervision Company policies and administration Interpersonal relations Working conditions Achievement Recognition Responsibility Advancement The work itself .

4. The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation The Herzberg Theory • The two-factor theory holds that motivators and hygiene factors relate to employee satisfaction – a more complex relationship than the traditional view that employees are either satisfied or dissatisfied • If hygiene factors are not taken care of or are deficient there will be dissatisfaction • There may be no dissatisfaction if hygiene factors are taken care of – there may be no satisfaction also • Only when motivators are present will there be satisfaction

5. The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation The Herzberg Theory • Hygiene factors help to prevent dissatisfaction – thus the term hygiene as it is used in the health field • Only motivators lead to satisfaction • Efforts to motivate human resources must provide: • Recognition • A chance to achieve and grow • Advancement • Interesting work

6. Dissatisfaction Satisfaction Absent (Dissatisfaction) Present (No Dissatisfaction) Absent (No Satisfaction) Present (Satisfaction) Views of Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction Traditional View Two-Factor View (Hygiene Factors) (Motivators) n

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