Business & Engineering

1. Business & Engineering Dr. Cynthia Furse University of Utah, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center of Excellence for Smart Sensors AND LiveWire Test Labs, Inc.

2. My Dream – Engineering as a TrulyGlobal and Inclusive Community

3. Let Me Introduce Myself… • Professor • Teacher • Inventor • Business Executive • Mom & Grandma • First girl in Logan to take Shop

4. I Became an Engineer to Change the World

5. BSEE -- Voice Controlled Wheelchair

6. MSEE – Oil Sands / Brain CancerNumerical Electromagnetics

7. PhD – Cell Phone Safety

8. Finding Faults in Flight LiveWire Fault Location

9. Starting Your Own Business • Why? • What? • Who? • How? • What Next? Utah Innovation Awards, Best of Show, 2002

10. Why a Business?

11. To Make Lots of $$$$$ http://www.geocities.com/~hummerdave/lambo/diablo1.jpg

12. Engineering = Economic Engine • Utah’s Engineering-Generated Economy has grown $189M over the past 5 years

13. Engineers in Business CEOs of Fortune 500 Companies

14. To Gain Respect

15. To Solve Problems:Get It OFF My Bench! STS-98 Main Engine Controller Space Shuttle Columbia http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-67/images/medium/KSC-95EC-0396.jpg

16. Starting Your Own Business • Why? • What? • Who? • How? • What Next? Utah Innovation Awards, Best of Show, 2002

17. Wire Failures % Probability of Failure of the Worst Polyimide Insulated Wire in each USN P-3 “Aircraft Location vs. Time” 5/7/95

18. The Aging Aircraft Fleet

19. Wiring is a COSTLY problem US Navy Reports: • 1,101 mission aborts / year (401 in-flight aborts) • Average 2 in flight fires/month • 7.3 maintenance hours / flight hour due to wiring systems, alone • During a 10 year period, 6 aircraft LOST due to electrical failure • Effectively average 78 non-mission capable aircraft / year due to wiring • This information is known to be underreported The Challenges Facing U.S. Navy Aircraft Electrical Wiring Systems, Jerome Collins, 9thAnnual Aging Aircraft conference, March 2006

20. New Arc Fault Circuit Breakers (AFCI) can Reduce Risk of Fire But … after it has tripped, the fault is so small. How can the maintainer locate the fault to fix it?LiveWire technology is critical enabling technology prior to large scale use of the AFCIs. 10 A Thermal Breaker Tripped AFCI Tripped on “Wet Arc”

21. Reflectometry is used for locating faults on wires Incident Pulse sent down wire Reflected Pulse comes back Time delay Time delay between Incident and Reflected Pulses tells distance to fault. The challenge: MANY faults cannot be replicated on the ground. “No Fault Found” (NFF). Intermittent faults must be located in flight. No other technology can do this. Tests Can’t Interfere with Aircraft Signals Aircraft Signals Can’t Interfere with Tests

22. The Tool Box: Fault Location Methods FDR SWR STDR SSTDR NDR TDR Timer

23. STDR / SSTDR FDR SWR • Many Signals • Noisy Channels • Interference / Jamming Rejection • Loss / Attenuation • Multiple Channels / Paths • Stealth Communication STDR SSTDR NDR TDR Timer

24. LiveWire STDR TestingSpectral Time Domain Reflectometry PN Code unknown time shift × PN Code known time shift ∫

25. Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry: SSTDR Modulated PN code with unknown time shift × Modulated PN code with known time shift ∫

26. MilStd 1553 Plus SSTDR

27. STDR/SSTDR with Open Circuited Cable STDR SSTDR

28. Reflectometry-Based Fault Location Methods FDR SWR STDR SSTDR NDR TDR Timer

29. LiveWire Sensor Locations 2004-5 2005 2003 Temporary Smart Connector 2006 Smart Connector (Requires “chip”) Livewire/Minnesota Defense

30. Locating Intermittent Faults in Complex Wiring Systems Paul Smith, President Cynthia Furse, Chief Scientist John Bennion, Chairman LiveWire Test Labs, Inc. Salt Lake City, Utah

31. Starting Your Own Business • Why? • What? • Who? • How? • What Next? Utah Innovation Awards, Best of Show, 2002

32. Starting Your Own Business:Who’s Who Intellectual Property Legal Taxes Project Mgt Directors Business Experience Customers Partners Distributors Industry Reps Regulators Engineering Team Financier

33. Development Partners

34. Who Are Your Customers?

35. What Do They Need? • They say: • “Locate the Fault” Short Circuit At 22’…..

36. But They Mean …HELP Me! Short Circuit At 22’….. But WHERE in the PLANE is it?

37. A Possible Solution “Walk to Fault” probe Short Circuit At 22’….. But WHERE in the PLANE is it? TRACK wire to fault with PROBE

38. Greatest Thing Since Sliced Bread --What is Your Competitive Advantage?

39. Starting Your Own Business • Why? • What? • Who? • How? • What Next? Utah Innovation Awards, Best of Show, 2002

40. What Kind of Business Shall I Be? • Single Proprietor • Partnership • Limited Liability Corporation (LLC) • Corporation • Types! • Get LEGAL and TAX Advice From the Start

41. At the Start… • Articles of Incorporation (filed with state) • Bylaws • Tax Forms

42. I Just KNOW There is a Market …Where to Look for $$$$$$$$$$$$$ • Personal Savings • Government • SBIR – Small Business Innovative Research • BAA – Broad Agency Announcement • RFP – Request for Proposal • Private • Venture Capital • “Angel” Investors • Loans

43. Venture Capitalist Investment Decision (Bhide, 2000)

44. Most Important Factors In The Investment Decision (Bhide, 2000)

45. Why VCs Decline Investments? • Lack of management • Does not fit investment criteria Industry segment Stage of company Size or amount of investment required Geography • Market too small • No competitive advantage • Weak strategy

46. What Matters About Management? • Successful track record • Industry experience • Dedication, passion, commitment, energy • Vision and persuasion • Knowledge, intelligence, skill level • Leadership, team building

47. The Entrepreneur Test