Germany – Red Great Britain – White - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1. Germany – Red Great Britain – White - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - At least 1 paragraph and about 4-5 mins each entry

2. Trench WarfareWORLD WAR I

3. Europeans Head for WAR Diary Entry #1 – August 1914 You are excited to leave for war and about what lies ahead on your journey • Many Europeans were excited about war • War would be over in a few weeks • Belief that because of industrial changes and modernization war could not be conducted for more than a few months • Glorious adventure

4. The Schlieffen Plan’s Destructive Nature

5. The Schlieffen Plan • Germans race to Western front 1st • Goals: after defeating France concentrate on the Eastern front w/ Russia • Avoid fighting a two front war • Germany made vast encircling movement through Belgium (brought Great Britain into war) to enter France • Diary Entry #2 – • September 1914 You’ve learned of the Schlieffen plan: Explain it, draw it (?), discuss your reaction REMEBER!- *German perspective *British perspective

6. Trench Warfare:Western Front 1914

7. Trench Warfare - WWIBasic Info • New weapons used were more for defense; so trenches were made for the soldiers protection. • There are two sides • Middle = No Man’s Land.

8. Trench Warfare:System

9. Elaborate systems of defense • barbed wire • Concrete machine gun nests • Mortar batteries • Troops lived in holes underground

10. Diary Entry #3 – • October 1914 You’ve started to dig and setup trenches on the Western Front. Describe how trench warfare was setup and why this system was used. Explain “No Man’s Land”

11. When a soldier went ‘over the top’ across No Man’s Land to attack theenemy he had to carry all of this equipment through the mud, barbed wires and crater holes made by mines. They had to make sure that they did not get shot at the same time. Diary Entry #4 – November 1914 You’ve experienced your first battle, explain what is was like to fight and carry your supplies

13. Trench Warfare:Conditions • Lice • Rats • Cramped up • Flooded trenches • Diseases – trench foot • Decaying flesh

14. Officers walking through a flooded communication trench.

15. The trenches were wet and cold. The battalion lived in mud and water. Gum boots were provided for the troops in the most exposed positions. Trench foot was still a new ailment and the provision of dry socks was vitally important. Part of the trench was reserved for men to go two at a time, at least once a day, and rub each other's feet with grease.

16. The outstanding feature of the trenches was the extraordinary number of rats. The trenches were infested with them. It was impossible to keep them out of the dugouts. They grew fat on the food that they stole from soliders, and anything they could pick up in or around the trenches; they were HUGE! Some were nearly as big as cats. . A full day's rest allowed us to clean up a bit, and to launch a full scale attack on lice. I sat in a quiet corner of a barn for two hours delousing myself as best I could. We were all at it, for none of us escaped their vile attentions. The things lay in the seams of trousers, in the deep furrows of long thick woolly pants, and seemed impregnable in their deep entrenchments. A lighted candle applied where they were thickest made them pop like Chinese crackers. After a session of this, my face would be covered with small blood spots from extra big fellows which had popped too vigorously. Private George Coppard

17. Diary Entry #5 – • Late November 1914 • You’ve contracted trench foot. Describe how you got this and what it feels like. Also, describe the other conditions of the trenches (rats, lice)

18. Trench Warfare:Technology • Tanks: Slow and clumsy • Machine guns: Rapid fire, made advancement difficult, caused stalemates • Airplanes: used to drop bombs and for air conflict • Poison Gas: caused blindness, blisters, some caused victims to choke to death

19. Soldiers digging trenches while protected against gas attacks

20. Diary Entry #6 – • December 10th 1914 • During last night’s battle you encountered mustard gas. Your arms and face are blistering.

21. Christmas Truce 1914 British and German troops stand together during the Christmas Truce of 1914-15.

22. One of the most remarkable incidents in history was the impromptu truce that took place on the Western Front on Christmas Day 1914. Beginning late on Christmas Eve, the entrenched British and German troops began serenading each other with songs and carols. By the next day a full truce was on, with soldiers and officers from both sides fraternizing and exchanging gifts. There was even an international soccer match played with teams comprised of warring soldiers. On December 26, 1914 the First World War started again. How sad. Ninety-four years later, in 2008, soldiers from the same opposing regiments reenacted the famous Christmas Truce in the same location. (video – 3:06)

23. Diary Entry #7 – • December 25h 1914 • Today you experienced the Christmas truce. Describe what happened and how you felt.

24. Trench Warfare:Analysis • This was the new tactic in war. • After the war, it had left horrific scars- both physical and mental

25. Diary Entry #8 – • February 1915 • You’ve lost your right arm in battle, but are still alive. You are discharged from the war effort and sent home. • How do you feel now?

26. LEFT PAGE • TRENCH WARFARE COLLAGE • At least 5 pictures • At least 5 words • At least 3 quotes