Population Health in Norway, Sweden and Denmark

1. Population Health in Norway, Sweden and Denmark

2. Impressions, thoughts? Population Health in Norway, Sweden and Denmark

3. Agenda • READINGS: course is about populations and we tend to think about individuals • KEEP YOUR READINGS IN CASE I or TA MISS ONE • Critical thinking skills • Trends in health with comparisons to US • Social and Historical factors in Scandinavia • Importance of early childhood: • Something rotten in the state of Denmark?

4. United Nations Human Development Report 2007

5. Female Oeppen Science 2002

6. Yanagishita & Guralnik 1998

7. Population Health Nordic CountriesYear Norway Sweden

8. Sweden United States

9. Sweden United States

10. Sweden United States

11. Sweden United States

12. Sweden United States

13. Household Poverty Rates (Household Head Aged 25-64)

14. Social transfer: family allowances, disability, sickness benefits, formal daycare, unemployment insurance Not including spending on health care or education

16. SINGLE PARENT

17. Infant mortality differentials in Stockholm, by birth in and out of wedlock, 1901–1981 (Burstrom 2003).

19. Low-wage earners, social expenditures and percent lone-parent households

20. Child Morbidity/Mortality Risksfor being from a single-parent family (Weitoff 2003)

21. USA Sweden

22. Norway history and society • Norway’s welfare state established following the brutal German occupation during World War II. a strong sense of camaraderie and national identity was forged. • Labor Party led the country until 1965, decided that government should take responsibility for the public welfare, striving for the highest possible level of equality and a just distribution of wealth. • Norway’s then elected a King Haakon set an example by serving fish balls, a common peasant food, to foreign dignitaries at his castle. Today, King Olav takes the street car • Laws:everyone has right to reasonable house, food, education, health care, child care, a livable pension • Hotel maids wages average $28,500 and CEO's of oil companies average $43,000 to $57,000 Everyone's incomes are public knowledge • Third largest oil exporter behind Saudi Arabia and Russia, but is state owed Statoil • Crime: lowest murder rates in world, despite 720,000 registered firearms, prisons with private rooms, TV and internet access • Trust highest among nations, bicycles not locked • National ethic: thrift, self-effacement, leveling tax code. "if anything ruffles Norwegian sensibilities more than special treatment under the law, it may be the open enjoyment of luxury" (NYT 931225) Consumer goods very expensive

23. Norway United States

24. % TRUST Olympics percentage of respondents, by country, to surveys who responded affirmatively to the the question ‘Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or that you cannot be too careful in dealing with people?’ The surveys were done in person in 1996 using the native language, and the questions correspond to impressions of the respondents’ own countries. Strikingly, the data vary by an order of magnitude: while only 3% of those surveyed in Brazil and 5% in Peru say their compatriots are trustworthy, 65% of Norwegians and 60% of Swedes believe this to be so. The United States comes in at 36%, down from 50% in 1990; . Zak

26. High/Low Tax Country Comparisons United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden

27. United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden High/Low Tax Country Comparisons

28. United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden High/Low Tax Country Comparisons

29. United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden High/Low Tax Country Comparisons

30. United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden High/Low Tax Country Comparisons

31. High/Low Tax Country Comparisons United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden

32. United States Australia Ireland New Zealand Canada United Kingdom Norway Finland Denmark Sweden High/Low Tax Country Comparisons

33. Arithmetic Scores for Youth Aged 16-25, 1994 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Sweden Germany Switzerland Effect Size Netherlands Belgium Canada USA Poland New Zealand Ireland N Ireland G Britain Parents’ Level of Education Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and Statistics Canada. (1995).

34. International comparisons of intergenerational social mobility Higher columns show that people’s social position is more strongly determined by their parents’ position Source: Blanden J, Gregg P, Machin S. Intergenerational mobility in Europe and N. America. Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics. 2005

35. Breast Feeding Olympics

36. United Nations Human Development Report 2007

37. Something rotten in the state of Denmark

38. Helweg-Larsen et. al. Women in Denmark-why do they die so young? Risk factors for prematur death Scand, J. Soc Welfare 1998

39. Helweg-Larsen et. al. Women in Denmark-why do they die so young? Risk factors for prematur death Scand, J. Soc Welfare 1998

40. Helweg-Larsen et. al. Women in Denmark-why do they die so young? Risk factors for prematur death Scand, J. Soc Welfare 1998

41. Helweg-Larsen et. al. Women in Denmark-why do they die so young? Risk factors for prematur death Scand, J. Soc Welfare 1998

42. Helweg-Larsen et. al. Women in Denmark-why do they die so young? Risk factors for prematur death Scand, J. Soc Welfare 1998

43. Mortality (female-lung cancer 1952-1993) Juel 2000

45. Life expectancy trends for 20 year old's DENMARK Brønnum-Hansen 2005

46. Juel 2000