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Explore play analysis, key terminology, discourse structure, and speech features in theater. Learn about language levels, non-verbal cues, and dramatic irony. Enhance understanding of prosody, pragmatics, and speech acts.
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Dramatic Encounters A Streetcar Named Desire
Learning Objectives • Explore how to analyse a play using language levels • Introduce key terminology • Describe Prototypical Dramatic Discourse Structure • Explore graphology of the features of speech and the purpose of speech acts
Theatre • A play relies on the spoken word and the interplay between characters, so can be studied as spoken mode for discourse features and prosody. • It also creates meaning through the non-verbal visual mode. Meaning can be inferred through the setting and through character’s body language.
Language Levels in Drama • Discourse features: fillers, pauses, false starts, ellipsis, repairs, skip connector, interruptions, speaker solicit, speaker appreciation • Pragmatics: turn taking, politeness strategies • Prosodics: pitch, pace, pause, power (volume), inflexion and tone • Lexis • Grammar
Prototypical Dramatic Discourse Structure • Information is conveyed: • Between characters • Between the playwright and the audience • See Figure 19A on page 214 of the course book.
Dramatic irony • Dramatic irony is created when the audience are aware of something but characters are not. This is often used in pantomime. “He’s behind you!”
Scripted speech differs from spontaneous speech • Read 19.1.2 and complete activity 3 on page 216 of the course book.
Graphology of Speech Features • Complete Activities 4-5 on page 218-9 of the course book.
Speech Acts Can be for many purposes: warnings, suggestions, apologies, compliments, advice • Locutionary act: speech • Illocutionary act: purpose/pragmatic force • Prelocutionary act: effect
Locutionary Acts • Directive: commands or requests (action of listener) • Commissive: promises (action of speaker) • Declaration: changes reality of situation • Assertive: commits speaker to their words (facts) • Expressive: shows feelings
Felicity Conditions • The right conditions for the locutionary act to convey it’s meaning.
Quiz Time! • What is dramatic irony? • Name five features of prosodics. • What is the Prototypical Dramatic Discourse Structure? • Which locutionary act commits the speaker to their words? • What is the name of the effect of a locutionary act? • What are felicity conditions?