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The Kingdoms of Egypt

The Kingdoms of Egypt. 3.2. A. Egypt is United. Culture developed along the Nile Surplus crops Tool, pottery, and jewelry making Most importantly - COOPERATION The 1 st pharaoh Village life wasn’t peaceful Menes, king of Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt including the delta

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The Kingdoms of Egypt

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  1. The Kingdoms of Egypt 3.2

  2. A. Egypt is United • Culture developed along the Nile • Surplus crops • Tool, pottery, and jewelry making • Most importantly - COOPERATION • The 1st pharaoh • Village life wasn’t peaceful • Menes, king of Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt including the delta • He combined the crowns of Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt to show unification • This was the Old Kingdom, 2,700 B.C. - 2,200 B.C.

  3. B. Government & Religion • Menes made Memphis (in Lower Egypt) his capital • Used local leaders to run the government • They had to make sure flood waters were shared, taxes collected, etc. • Pharaoh also had religious duties • They were polytheistic – most important was Ra, the sun god

  4. B. Government & Religion (con’t) • Mummies – ancient Egyptians believed they needed their bodies in the after life. • Pyramids were tombs • The 1st was built by Imhotep for the pharaoh Zoser • This isn’t a smooth sided pyramid, but stepped (like a ziggurat)

  5. C. Glories of the Old Kingdom • The Great Pyramid of Giza built for Khufu • Took 22 years to build • 100,000 workers • This and other projects drained the economy • Egypt’s economy was built on surplus food • The pharaoh taxed the surplus food • Other things were also taxed like leather and labor

  6. C. Glories of the Old Kingdom (con’t) • Hieroglyphics – picture signs, could be used as symbols or letters • They were written by scribes • Only boys could be scribes • And they also had to know math • They wrote on papyrus with reeds

  7. C. Glories of the Old Kingdom(con’t) • It took a long time to decipher hieroglyphics • After the Greeks conquered Egypt the Egyptians stopped using hieroglyphics and forgot them • During the French conquest (over 2,000 years later) the Rosetta Stone was discovered • It contained 3 languages, Hieroglyphics, Demotic, & Greek, this allowed scholars to decipher hieroglyphics

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