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Class Mammalia

Class Mammalia. General Characteristics. Bilaterally symmetrical Hair Mammary glands (produces milk) Nurse young Endothermic (warm blooded) Unique inner ear – Incus , Malleus , Stapes Dioecious - Internal fertilization Diphyodonty – Two teeth (replace teeth once)

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Class Mammalia

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  1. Class Mammalia

  2. General Characteristics • Bilaterally symmetrical • Hair • Mammary glands (produces milk) • Nurse young • Endothermic (warm blooded) • Unique inner ear – Incus, Malleus, Stapes • Dioecious - Internal fertilization • Diphyodonty – Two teeth (replace teeth once) • Lower Jaw – Made of one bone attached directly to head (improved power)

  3. Heterodont dentition • Specialized teeth with different function • Birth to live young • Produce a placenta (usually) – nourishing fetus (similar to yolk sac in reptiles/birds)

  4. Mammalian Orders • 6 Major Orders: 1.) Order Rodentia 2.) Order Artiodactyla 3.) Order Carnivora 4.) Order Cetacea 5.) Order Primates 6.) Order Monotremata

  5. Order Rodentia • Rodents! • Mice, squirrels, gophers, beavers, & guinea pigs • Many have been pests • Have continuously growing incisors • Incisors= front teeth • Must gnaw to keep short

  6. Have a short breeding cycle • Largest group of mammals

  7. Order Artiodactyla • Pigs, hippos, camels, deer, sheep, etc. • 220 species • Means “even-toed” – they lost the first (many have shortened the 2nd and 5th

  8. Mostly obligate herbivorous/grazing animals • Suinae (hogs/pigs) • Are omnivorous – eat both

  9. Order Carnivora • Meat eaters! • Canines, cats, bears, raccoons, seals, otters, walruses, etc. • 260 species • Are predatory

  10. Enhanced vision and hearing • Have special teeth and/or claws to take down prey

  11. Order Cetacea • Whales and dolphins • Have blubber for insulation • Up and down movement of tail (unlike side to side by fish) • All aquatic • Highly intelligent

  12. Use sonar to locate food

  13. Order Primates • Gorillas, chimps, orangutans, humans, monkeys, lemurs • Bipedal – stand on two feet • Adaptations for tree-living • Strong limbs with opposable digits

  14. Generally largest brain:body ratio • Small ants & small birds • Extensive parental care

  15. Order Monotremata • Duck Billed Platypus and Echidnas (spiny anteater) • Only mammals to lay eggs • Have a single opening called a cloaca for urination, defecation, and reproductive • Platypus has a poisonous barb on the back foot

  16. Order Monotremata Poison Barb Echindas

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