Grants Part II The Family of Hazard Mitigation Grant Programs

1. Grants Part IIThe Family of Hazard Mitigation Grant Programs Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

2. Objectives • Introduce the funding (HMGP, FMA, PDM, PA, Unmet needs) • Identify the purposes of the programs • Define general similarities and differences • Identify the unique administrative features of each program expanding on the general information presented in Part I Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

3. Types of Grant Programs • Disaster Based Funding (Post-Disaster) • Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) • Public Assistance (PA) • Unmet Needs • Annual Funding • Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) • Pre Disaster Mitigation (PDM) • Emergency Management Program Grants (EMPG) Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

4. Purpose of the Major Grant Programs Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

5. Eligible Use of the Funds Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

6. Eligible Applicants Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

7. Administrative Money • Administrative Money • Under the HMGP • not part of lock-in • established by Office of Management and Budget • formula driven • grantees and subgrantees eligible based on the dollar amount of project money awarded • Under the FMA • No - not technically administrative funds • Under the PDM • Out of the state grant Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

8. Management Costs • Management Costs • Under the HMGP • subtracted from the lock-in • specific activities for using the funds • not formula driven • grantees eligible • subgrantees are not eligible • Under the FMA • Yes, called technical assistance • Under the PDM • From the State grant Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

9. Common Characteristics • Be an eligible applicant. • Be in good standing in the National Flood Insurance Program. • All projects must be cost effective. • All projects are subject to the NEPA process. • All grants require a 25% non-federal match. • All projects must be consistent with the state and local hazard mitigation plan. • All projects must have reasonable costs for eligible work and completed within eligible timeframes. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

10. Common Characteristics - NEPA • FEMA Regulations for NEPA are found in 44 CFR Part 10. • NEPA is a “process.” Purpose is to ensure that an action/project that FEMA is going to fund (in whole or part) is consistent with national environmental policies. • Requires looking at both the positive and negative impacts projects will have on the environment. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

11. NEPA • Review for all proposed projects includes: • Archaeological sites • Historical sites • Minorities or low-income populations • Floodplains • Wetlands • Hazardous substances Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

12. NEPA • 4 Environmental Review Categories • Statutory Exclusions • Categorical Exclusions (CATEX) • Environmental Assessment (EA) • Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

13. NEPA • State Agency Support for NEPA • Coordinate with state environmental office and fish/wildlife for environmental impacts • Coordinate with the State Historical Preservation Office (SHPO) • Failure to obtain interagency consultation can delay project approval and funding Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

14. Common Characteristics - Benefit Cost Analysis • The benefits of hazard mitigation projects are avoided future damages based upon historical damage data. • Mitigation may not be cost effective even though a structure received great damage. • Conversely, mitigation may be cost effective even if a structure experienced little or no damage during the recent disaster event. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

15. Benefit Cost Analysis BENEFITS = BC Ratio COSTS A cost-effective mitigation project will have a BC Ratio greater than 1. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

16. Total Project Cost Life of the Project Maintenance Costs Value of the Property Being Protected Specific Documented Damages Documented Past Damages What costs would be prevented by this project? Source of funding for the local match Displacement Costs Event Frequency Effectiveness of the Project Benefit Cost AnalysisFactors to Consider During Analysis Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

17. Benefit Cost Analysis • FEMA Benefit Cost Modules • Very Limited Data Module • Limited Data Module • Full Data Module • Earthquake Module • Safe Room Module FEMA provides in-depth training on each module. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

18. Characteristics Unique to theHazard Mitigation Grant Program • Letter of Intent • Within 60 days after disaster declaration • Letter of Intent to participate in the HMGP due to FEMA Regional Office • HMGP applications due to FEMA within 12 months after the date of declaration Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

19. Characteristics Unique to theHazard Mitigation Grant Program • Lock In • Within 90 days of declaration: initial estimates • 6 months: first lock-in; minimum funding set • 12 months: final review; increase possible • 18 months: if catastrophic; exceptions possible Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

20. Characteristics Unique to theHazard Mitigation Grant Program • State Administrative Plan • Document that describes the process the State will use to administer the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (details about Plan later in course) • Formula-based Administrative Funding Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

21. Characteristics Unique to theHazard Mitigation Grant Program • Applications submitted to FEMA via NEMIS. • Review Master HMGP Chart. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

22. Characteristics Unique to theFlood Mitigation Assistance Program • Program objective is very narrow: • Reduce or eliminate “Repetitive Loss Structures” • FEMA’s definition of Repetitive Loss Structures for the FMA • Currently insured structures with 4 or more losses • Currently insured structures with 2 or more losses in which the cumulative claims paid exceed the fair market value of the structure Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

23. Characteristics Unique to theFlood Mitigation Assistance Program • Applications submitted to FEMA via e-grants. • Review Master FMA Chart. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

24. Characteristics Unique to thePre-Disaster Mitigation Program • Small, impoverished communities required to provide only 10% non-federal match. • Nationwide competition. • Grants submitted to FEMA via e-grants. • Review Master PDM chart. Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers

25. Summary • Introduced the funding (HMGP, FMA, PDM, Unmet needs) • Identified the purposes of the programs • Defined general similarities and differences • Identified the unique administrative features of each program Network of State Hazard Mitigation Officers