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Digital Image Processing

Digital Image Processing. With. Matlab. Prof. Muhammad Saeed. Contents. Fundamentals. Introduction to Image:. Image as matrix Image Type Image Class Image Size Image Resolution. Filename: [1x64 char] FileModDate : '24-Oct-2011 16:51:40' FileSize : 48613 Format: 'jpg'

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Digital Image Processing

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  1. Digital Image Processing With Matlab Prof. Muhammad Saeed

  2. Contents MS Image Processing

  3. Fundamentals Introduction to Image: Image as matrix Image Type Image Class Image Size Image Resolution Filename: [1x64 char] FileModDate: '24-Oct-2011 16:51:40' FileSize: 48613 Format: 'jpg' FormatVersion: ‘' Width: 344 Height: 401 BitDepth: 24 ColorType: 'truecolor' FormatSignature: '' NumberOfSamples: 3 CodingMethod: 'Huffman' CodingProcess: 'Sequential' Comment: {} ImageDescription: 'OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA’ Make: 'OLYMPUS OPTICAL CO.,LTD' Model: 'C4040Z' Orientation: 1 Software: 'v552u-A80' DateTime: '2001:01:02 06:01:42' YCbCrPositioning: 'Co-sited' DigitalCamera: [1x1 struct] UnknownTags: [3x1 struct] Read: kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); Image Info: info=imfinfo('kid02.jpg'); or whos kid; [r c]=size(kid); Display: figure; imshow(kid); imshow(kid, [low high]); MS Image Processing

  4. Write on Disk: imwrite(kid,'kid02gray.png'); imwrite(kid,'kid02gray.jpg’,’quality’,75); % (0:100) imwrite(kid,'kid02gray.tif’,’compression’,’none’,‘resolution’,[m n]); % (packbits, ccitt), (dpi) Conversion of Class and Type: B=logical(A); C=im2bw(T); D=mat2gray(P,[Pmin Pmax]); F=Im2double(g); G=im2uint8(H); Image Arithmatic: C=imadd(A,B); C=imsubtract(A,B); C=immultiply(A,B); C=imdivide(A,B); C=imabsdiff(A,B); C=imcomplement(A); C=imlincomb(A,B); MS Image Processing

  5. Image Flipping and Sizing: C=F(end:-1:1,:); C=F(:, end:-1:1); C=F(1:2:end,1:2:end); Image Cropping: C=F(50:end-20, 50:end-40); Pixel Information Direct: impixelinfo; imdistline; Color Image to Gray: C=rgb2gray(F); MS Image Processing

  6. Spatial Domain Processing Intensity Transformation: • S=imadjust(A,[inLinH],[outLoutH],gamma); • S=imadjust(A,[0 1],[1 0]); %image complement • S=imadjust(A,[],[],2); • Logarithmic and Contrast Stretching Transform i) ii) • Histograms H=imhist(A,nbins); H=imhist(A,nbins)/numel(A); % normalized histogram H=histeq(A,nbins); % histogram equalization MS Image Processing

  7. Linear Spatial Filtering: C=imfilter(A, w, ‘mode’, ‘boundary opts’, ‘size opts’); % w is the filter % modes= corr, conv % boundary options=p, replicate, symmetric, circular % size options=full, same w=fspecial(‘type’, parameters); typeparameters default average [r, c] 3x3 disk R (radius, square of 2R+1) 5 gaussian [r, c],sig(STD) 3x3, 0.5 laplacian(3x3) alpha(0-1) 0.5 log(laplacian [r, c],sig(STD) 5x5, 0.5 of a gaussian) motion len(pixel), theta(degrees)CCW 9, 0 prewitt(3x3, verticle gradient, transpose for horizontal) sobel(3x3, verticle gradient, transpose for horizontal) unsharp(3x3) alpha(0-1) 0.2 MS Image Processing

  8. Mathematical Form of Filters: Sobel: I, and II, Prewitt: and II, I, Gaussian Filter: Laplacian Filter: Unsharp Filter: MS Image Processing

  9. Linear Spatial Filters in action: 1. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=[1 1 1;1 -8 1;1 1 1]; C=imfilter(kid, w,'corr', 'replicate', 'same'); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(4*C);title(mat2str(w),'FontSize',20); 2. chboard=(checkerboard(90)>0.1); w=[0 1 0;1 -4 1;0 1 0]; C=imfilter(chboard, w,'conv','replicate', 'full'); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(chboard);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(4*C);title(mat2str(w),'FontSize',20); 3. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('average',[10 10]); C=imfilter(kid, w,'conv','replicate','same'); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C);title('Average','FontSize',20); average MS Image Processing

  10. 4. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('disk', 6); C=imfilter(kid, w); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C);title('Disk','FontSize',20); disk 5. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('gaussian',10, 0.8); C=imfilter(kid, w); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C);title('Gaussian','FontSize',20); gaussian 6. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('laplacian', 0.6); C=imfilter(kid, w,'conv','replicate','same'); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(6*C);title('Laplacian','FontSize',20); laplacian MS Image Processing

  11. 7. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('log',5,0.2); C=imfilter(kid, w,'conv','replicate','same'); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(4*C);title('Log','FontSize',20); log 8. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('motion',20,10); C=imfilter(kid, w); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C);title('Motion','FontSize',20); motion 9. kid=imread('kid02.jpg'); w=fspecial('prewitt'); C=imfilter(kid, w); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C);title('Prewitt','FontSize',20); prewitt MS Image Processing

  12. 10. kid = imread('kid02.jpg'); w = fspecial('sobel'); C=imfilter(kid, w); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C);title('Sobel','FontSize',20); sobel 11. kid = imread('kid02.jpg'); w = fspecial('unsharp',0.5); C=imfilter(kid, w); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid),title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C),title('Unsharp','FontSize',20); unsharp 12. kid=imread('kid02Gray.jpg'); C=filter2('sobel',kid); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(C,[]);title('Filtered Red','FontSize',20); filter2 MS Image Processing

  13. 13. kid=imread('kid02darkgray.jpg'); subplot(2,2,1); imshow(kid);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(2,2,2); imhist(kid,64);title('Histogram I','FontSize',20); subplot(2,2,3); heq=histeq(kid,64); imshow(heq,[]); title(‘Equalized','FontSize',20); subplot(2,2,4); imhist(heq,64); title('Eq. Histogram','FontSize',20); histeq MS Image Processing

  14. Nonlinear Spatial Filters: • ordfilt2 (f, order, domain) kid=imread('kid02darkgray.jpg'); kidfilt=ordfilt2(kid,25,true(7)); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kid); title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(kidfilt); title(‘Filtered','FontSize',20); 2) medfilt2 (f, ’symmetric’) kid=imread('kid02Gray.jpg'); kidnoise=imnoise(kid,'salt & pepper',0.2); kid2=medfilt2(kidnoise,[5 5],'symmetric'); %symmetric, zeros, indexed %kid2=medfilt2(kid2,'symmetric'); subplot(1,2,1);imshow(kidnoise);title('Original','FontSize',20); subplot(1,2,2);imshow(kid2);title('Filtered','FontSize',20); MS Image Processing

  15. END MS Image Processing

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