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The Innovation Agenda (A discussion not a lecture!)

The Innovation Agenda (A discussion not a lecture!). Prof. Brook K. Baker UKZN IPRs and Access to Medicines 2010. Problems with the Current Patent Regime. Emphasis on blockbuster drugs – chronic diseases affecting rich people.

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The Innovation Agenda (A discussion not a lecture!)

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  1. The Innovation Agenda(A discussion not a lecture!) Prof. Brook K. Baker UKZN IPRs and Access to Medicines 2010

  2. Problems with the Current Patent Regime • Emphasis on blockbuster drugs – chronic diseases affecting rich people. • Wasted R&D (evergreening, me-too, marketing studies, disease mongering). • Neglected diseases neglected.

  3. Additional Problems – Innovation Gridlock • Upstream patent blocks, e.g., research method patents, platform patents • Patent thicket • Identifying and combining multiple, complex patents • Transaction costs • Royalty holdouts

  4. Additional Problems • Research silos and secrecy. • Winner takes all.

  5. Biggest Problem • Results in monopoly pricing which typically favors rich people and excludes poor people especially in high income-unequal countries. • Stronger patents, longer patents, more patents, and more enforcement just compound the problem.

  6. What are the alternatives? • If the patent regime is inefficient and inequitable, what are the solutions? • What other methods are there for promoting innovative medicines • In particular how do we promote research that is therapeutically significant for Africans? • Break into groups of 3 and brainstorm?

  7. Debrief • Report back from your group. • Try to create categories

  8. Open Source/Collaborative Solutions • We might get better and more R&D if researchers collaborate with each other and share both successes and failures. • Building on successes • Not duplicating failures • Examples: sharing chemical libraries, research outcomes, joint work • Special efforts to involve African researchers

  9. “Push” Mechanisms • More research grants from governments and charities • Public/private partnerships • Do you support basic research? • Do you focus on translational (final product) research)? • Do you try to target particular medical problems? • Can government bureaucrats choose wisely/non-corruptly?

  10. “Pull” Mechanisms • Advance Market Commitments or purchasing funds • Medical Innovation Fund • Prize Funds • Patent buy-outs • Enhanced tax incentives • Wild-card patent extensions • Extended orphan/neglected disease drug market exclusivity

  11. Battlegrounds for Innovation Policy • WHO Global Strategy and Plan of Action on Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual Property • Proposed R&D Treaty • WIPO Development Agenda • Is this important for Africa? For African activists?

  12. An African Research Agenda • Read the Bamako Call to Action on Research for Health, pp. 228-231.

  13. An African Research Agenda • What should be done to build research and development capacity in Africa? • Should African researchers focus on neglected African diseases? • What kind of incentives should there be for African researchers? • Should African researchers focus significantly on traditional medicines?

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