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Developing Countries Access to Scientific Knowledge

Developing Countries Access to Scientific Knowledge. Ian Willers CERN, Switzerland. Structure of talk. Brief introduction to CERN CERN’s relationship with different countries The experiments The computing challenge Special example of Pakistan and the CMS experiment Conclusion.

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Developing Countries Access to Scientific Knowledge

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  1. Developing Countries Access to Scientific Knowledge Ian Willers CERN, Switzerland

  2. Structure of talk • Brief introduction to CERN • CERN’s relationship with different countries • The experiments • The computing challenge • Special example of Pakistan and the CMS experiment • Conclusion

  3. Twenty Member States of CERN • OBSERVERS: • UNESCO • EU • Israel • Turkey • SPECIAL OBSERVERS • (for LHC): • USA • Japan • Russia

  4. Cost sharing for LHC (BCHF): MS, Material: 2.1 MS, Personnel: 1.1 (approx.) Host States: 0.2 NMS (net): 0.6 (≈15%) 4.0 International Collaboration for LHC construction Gross NMS contributions US: 200 M$ Russia: 100 MCHF Japan: 170 MCHF Canada: 30 MCHF India: 25 M$

  5. Aerial view

  6. From LEP to the LHC

  7. LHC Experiments ATLAS, CMS: - Higgs boson(s) - SUSY particles - …?? ALICE: Quark Gluon Plasma LHC-B: - CP violation in B

  8. CMS Magnet Yoke

  9. LHC corrector magnet from India The LHC dipole n. 360 from Novosibirsk Some examples CMS feet from Pakistan

  10. Access to CERN • It may be tempting to make “ access to large facilities ” dependent on “membership”, but particle physicists has been able to follow a different approach • Experiments running on our facilities tend to be based on very large (50-2000 person) collaborations • This allows people from economically weaker countries to join with those from stronger regions • So we tend not to look at the passport of the people making proposals • But (in general) we expect people who have not funded the lab infrastructure to contribute more than their “fair share” to the cost of the experiment • But the contribution can take many forms, such as assembly effort, software, …look for the “win-win”

  11. The LHC Computing Challenge • New Levels of Data Acquisition • New Levels Of Event Complexity • Enormous Quantities of Data • Access Worldwide

  12. Tier 0 at CERN Estimated CPU Capacity required at CERN K SI95 5,000 Moore’s law – some measure of the capacity technology advances provide for a constant number of processors or investment 4,000 LHC 3,000 2,000 Other experiments 1,000 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Jan 2000:3.5K SI95

  13. Five Emerging Models of Networked Computing From The Grid • Distributed Computing • || synchronous processing • High-Throughput Computing • || asynchronous processing • On-Demand Computing • || dynamic resources • Data-Intensive Computing • || databases • Collaborative Computing • || scientists

  14. CERN's Network in the World 267 institutes in Europe, 4603 users 208 institutes elsewhere, 1632 users some points = several institutes

  15. Monitoring tools

  16. Tier 0 CERN Tier 1 Centres Brookhaven National Lab CNAF Bologna Fermilab FZK Karlsruhe IN2P3 Lyon Rutherford Appleton Lab (UK) University of Tokyo CERN Other Centres Academica Sinica (Taipei) Barcelona Caltech GSI Darmstadt Italian Tier 2s(Torino, Milano, Legnaro) Manno (Switzerland) Moscow State University NCP, NUST, Pinstech, Islamabad (soon) NIKHEF Amsterdam Ohio Supercomputing Centre Sweden (NorduGrid) Tata Institute (India) Triumf (Canada) UCSD UK Tier 2s University of Florida– Gainesville University of Prague …… LHC Computing Grid prototype service 2003-5

  17. Benefits – see talk by Arshad Ali

  18. High Level Involvement scientist works hard builds up relationship Rector Visits CERN Minister Signs agreement President gives blessing

  19. Success in Particle Physics CollaborationSome Important Features • The Scientific Goals are of the highest importance • The Research requires technological advances ….. of value to all • The foundations lie in a network of competent institutes worldwide • The facilities are open to everyone but the results must be published

  20. Summary • Coming together is a beginning • Keeping together is progress • Working together is success • CERN demonstrates successful worldwide international collaboration is possible • We intend to keep it that way

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