1 / 35

Myriapoda and Hexapoda

Myriapoda and Hexapoda. Chapter 15. Characteristics. Enormously successful 750,000 species Many undescribed 75% of all living species. Characteristics. Insect dominance Waxy epicuticle Flight. Sub Phylum Myriapoda. Four Classes Two Body Tagmata Head Trunk Uniramous appendages

omer
Download Presentation

Myriapoda and Hexapoda

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Myriapoda and Hexapoda Chapter 15

  2. Characteristics • Enormously successful • 750,000 species • Many undescribed • 75% of all living species

  3. Characteristics • Insect dominance • Waxy epicuticle • Flight

  4. Sub Phylum Myriapoda • Four Classes • Two Body Tagmata • Head • Trunk • Uniramous appendages • Terrestrial

  5. Class Diplopoda • Class Diplopoda • Millipedes • 11 to 100 trunk segments • 2 appendages per trunk segment

  6. Class Diplopoda • Most are round in shape • Live all over the world • Low level of wax on epicuticle

  7. Class Diplopoda • Eat dead and decaying plant material • Roll into a ball • Prevent desiccation • Defense

  8. Class Diplopoda • Repugnatorial glands • Hydrogen Cyanide production • Gain appendages and segments as they molt

  9. Class Chilopoda • Class Chilopoda • Centipedes • Nocturnal • One pair of appendages per trunk segment • 15 or more segments

  10. Class Chilopoda • Last pair of appendages are used for sensory • Flat body • Eat small arthropods, earthworms, and snails or frogs and rodents

  11. Class Chilopoda • Poison claws are modified first appendages • Fast for their size • Large tropical species can kill humans

  12. Class Pauropoda • Class Pauropoda • Soft bodied animals • 11 segments • Feed on fungi and decaying plant matter

  13. Class Symphyla • Class Symphyla • Three tagmata • No eyes • 12 segments with single pairs of legs

  14. Subphylum Hexapoda • Two Classes • Three Tagmata • Five head appendages • Three pairs of legs on each thorax

  15. Class Insecta • Class Insecta • Most successful land animals • One pair of antenae • Wings • Three pairs of legs

  16. Class Insecta • External Structure • Three tagmata • Head • Single pair of antennae • Compound eyes • Sometimes ocelli

  17. Class Insecta • Thorax • Three segments - prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax • Wings with veins

  18. Class Insecta • Abdomen • 10 to 11 segments • Lateral folds to allow for expansion • Spiracles

  19. Class Insecta • Flight • Insects were the first animals to fly • Wings are thought to have come from protective coverings

  20. Class Insecta • Direct or synchronous flight • Grasshopper, butterflies, and dragonflies • Muscles at the base of wings and on the exoskeleton

  21. Class Insecta • Indirect or asynchronous flight • Flies and wasps • Muscles change the shape of the exoskeleton • Fibillar flight muscles

  22. Class Insecta • Other Locomotion • Walk, swim, run, or jump • Cockroach reaches speeds of 5km/hr. • Fleas can jump 100 times their size

  23. Class Insecta • Nutrition • Three segment gut

  24. Class Insecta • Biting Mouthparts • Labrum – upper lip • Sensory • Mandible – Chewing (teeth) • Maxillae – cutting surface, sensory • Labrium – Sensory lower lip • Hypopharynx – tongue-like structure • Grasshoppers

  25. Class Insecta • Sucking Mouthparts • Mosquitoes

  26. Class Insecta • Sponging Mouthparts • Labellum – modified labium • Saliva is secreted • Mouth sponges up liquid • Flies

  27. Class Insecta • Gas Exchange • Trachea open to spiracles • Store bicarbonate • Aquatic insects diffuse straight to water

  28. Class Insecta • Circulation • Similar to other arthropods • Amoeboid cells • Ectotherms or heterotherms • Shivering Thermogenesis

  29. Class Insecta • Nervous • Similar to annelids • Some can learn • Setae and mechanoreceptors • Johnston’s Organs • Tympanal Organs

  30. Class Insecta • Excretion • Malphigian tubules • Uric acid

  31. Class Insecta • Chemical regulation • Controls many functions • Pheromones

  32. Class Insecta • Reproduction • Controlled by a number of factors • Food, photoperiod, population density, temperature, and humidity • Indirect fertilization • Silverfish and springtails

  33. Class Insecta • Metamorphosis • Ametabolous metamorphosis • Hemimetabolous metamorphosis • Holometabolous metamorphosis

  34. Class Insecta • Insect Behavior • Most innate • Social qualities • Castes

  35. Class Insecta • Only 0.5% harmful to humans • 65% pollinate plants • Control qualities • Some parasitic • Lice, fleas

More Related