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Overview of 3G Packet Data

Overview of 3G Packet Data. Salih Ergut 7/16/2003. Outline. cdma2000 packet data architecture and network elements Simple IP/Mobile IP Packet Network Nodes State Machines MAC Layer Packet Data Call Flows 1x EV-DV ( 1x RTT Ev olution for high-speed integrated D ata and V oice)

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Overview of 3G Packet Data

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  1. Overview of 3G Packet Data Salih Ergut 7/16/2003

  2. Outline • cdma2000 packet data • architecture and network elements • Simple IP/Mobile IP • Packet Network Nodes • State Machines • MAC Layer • Packet Data Call Flows • 1x EV-DV (1xRTT Evolution for high-speed integrated Data and Voice) • Motivation, goals and basic principles

  3. SS7 Network HLR Telephone Network VLR MSC PSTN AAA Packet Network BSC PDSN PCF Home Agent Home AAA Packet Data Architecture

  4. Packet Network BSC PDSN PCF PDSN PCF BSC Simple IP vs. Mobile IP • Mobile station’s IP address will be changed as the subscriber moves to different cells • Mobile station will be able to use a constant IP even when moving across different cells

  5. Mobile IP Registration Mobile registers its care of address HA replies with lifetime Packet Network BSS PDSN (FA) Home Agent MIP-RRQ MIP-RRQ MIP-RRP MIP-RRP Packet Data Tunnel (UDP over IP)

  6. Packet Network Nodes • PCF (Packet Control Function) • A required IP element in cdma2000 networks • Provides relay to mobile from PDSN • Keeps track of registration lifetime expiration and ensures that the sessions are renewed as necessary • Controls the available radio resources • Buffers data received from PDSN until radio resources becomes available • Controls dormancy • PDSN (Packet Data Serving Node) • PPP datalink layer to mobile is terminated • Interfaces with PCF • IP packets are routed • In MIP network acts as a FA

  7. Packet Network Nodes • AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) • Stores accounting information and authenticates/authorizes mobiles • Provides security to FA and Foreign AAA. • HA (Home Agent) • Establishes a secure packet-data tunnel with the FA to provide MIP services and routes the packets destined to the mobile to the FA • Authenticates MIP registrations

  8. Mobile Originated Packet Data Call UCSD Ericsson /// MSC BSC / PCF PDSN Origination Base Station Ack CMServReq SCCP-CC Assign Request TCH Setup A11-RRQ A8 /A10 setup A11-RRP Assign Complete PPP Link Establishment and Mobile IP Registration Packet Network User Packet Data

  9. Control Plane – Signaling A11 A11 UDP UDP IP IP Link Link Phys Phys BSC/PCF PDSN

  10. User Plane – Relay Mode IP IP IP IP PPP PPP Link Link RS-232 RS-232 RLP RLP GRE GRE IP IP Link Link AIR Inter- face AIR Inter- face Phys Phys Phys Phys BSC/PCF PDSN End Host A10

  11. User Plane – Network Mode IP IP IP IP IP IP SLIP orPPP SLIP or PPP PPP PPP Link Link RS-232 RS-232 RLP RLP GRE GRE IP IP Link Link AIR Inter- face AIR Inter- face Phys Phys Phys Phys BSC/PCF PDSN End Host A10

  12. Active SCH millisecond Active FCH MAC States (1/3) • Active Mode and DTX • Data traffic flows • Reverse pilot is not gated • MS and BS can discontinue traffic for 10-20 frames (~200ms) without tearing down traffic channel Control/Hold Dormant second minute

  13. Active SCH millisecond Active FCH MAC States (2/3) • Control Hold • Triggered when the data traffic is idle ~1-2 seconds • Signaling only • Power control is maintained • Reverse pilot can be gated • MS Stores radio information Control/Hold Dormant second minute

  14. Active SCH millisecond Active FCH MAC States (3/3) • Dormancy • Triggered when data traffic is idle ~1-2 minutes • Traffic channels and A8 (BSC-PCF) connection is released • A10 (PCF-PDSN) connection and PPP is maintained Control/Hold Dormant second minute

  15. Dormant Mode • Initiation • BSC initiates when inactivity timer is expired or RF failure occurred • MS initiates when inactivity timer is expired or TCH is released • Reactivation • Initiated when network or MS has data to send • Since PPP is maintained no extra control plane signaling required • User data is exchanged after reactivation

  16. HO Required HO Request Null Fwd Traffic HO Request ACK HO Command HO Direction Msg Rev Traffic HO Commenced HCM Tear Down Channels Clear Command A11 RRQ Clear Complete A11 RRP Handoff Complete A11 RRQ (Lifetime = 0) A11 RRP User Packet Data User Packet Data Inter BSC – Intra PDSN HHO Source BSC/PCF MSC PDSN Target BSC/PCF

  17. Quality of Service • Still standardization is continuing • Air interface is bottleneck for an end-to-end QoS • Some parameters are defined such as • User’s priority level (14 possible levels) • Minimum acceptable data rate (2x, 4x, …) • Acceptable FER (1%, 2%, 5%, 10%)

  18. 1x EV-DV(1xRTT Evolution for high-speed integrated Data and Voice)

  19. Motivation • CDMA 1x supplemental channel scheduling is slow (~2-4 secs) and data rate is not satisfactory (~144 kbps) • Forward link has priority due to asymmetric nature of the data applications • Flexibility against short term and long term voice and data demands

  20. Design Goals • Backward compatibility with cdma2000 1x • cdma2000 1x features, applications and services and voice/data capabilities are maintained • Minimal effect on the terminals and infrastructure for cdma2000 1x customers • increase battery life as a side goal

  21. Design Requirements • FL peak data rate > 2.4 Mbps • RL peak data rate > 1.25 Mbps • Average throughput in FL and RL > 600 kbps • Peak data rate and average throughput is at least as much as 1X EV-DO

  22. What’s needed? • Radio resources should be optimally used • Radio link control & resource allocation must be optimized

  23. How is it achieved? (1/3) 100% Residual power for 1x EV-DV 1xEV-DV overhead Base Station Power Power for 1x voice and data 1x overhead Time Packet Data Common Channel is introduced

  24. How is it achieved? (2/3) • Left-over power is used, hence no power control • Rate control (higher order modulation and coding) is used to maintained link quality • Optimally schedule delay tolerant data • Favor the user with good channel quality • Serve users both in parallel (CDM) and serial (TDM) while TDM is preferred if possible

  25. How is it achieved? (3/3) • Fast sector switching • Fast channel quality indicator send by MS • Fast physical layer ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) which also provides error correction

  26. What’s next? • Reverse link data enhancements are necessary to meet the requirements, i.e. 1.25 Mbps • Common services and mobility with different type of network access technologies, such as Wireless LANs, DSL, satellites etc.

  27. 4G • Higher data rates ~2-20 Mbps • New air interface needs to be developed • Potential candidate OFDM • Smart antennas can form directed beams to increase strength of the desired signal • A new spectrum needs to be assigned • Software radio can transmit over different air interface technologies • All-IP vision: base stations become an access router

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