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A Brief History of Pine: Some Frequently Asked Questions

A Brief History of Pine: Some Frequently Asked Questions. Dr. Frank Dalton Pine Research Instrumentation Raleigh, North Carolina www.pineinst.com/echem. Our factory is located in Grove City PA. Where is Pine located?. Electrochemical Sales and R&D Office is in Raleigh NC. Question #3.

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A Brief History of Pine: Some Frequently Asked Questions

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  1. A Brief History of Pine: Some Frequently Asked Questions Dr. Frank Dalton Pine Research Instrumentation Raleigh, North Carolina www.pineinst.com/echem

  2. Our factory is located in Grove City PA Where is Pinelocated? Electrochemical Sales and R&D Office is in Raleigh NC

  3. Question #3 Are you guys Electrochemists? Dr. Li Sun Dr. Frank Dalton

  4. Question #4 How did such a rural manufacturing company get into electrochemistry? Answer Historical Accident

  5. It Began in Russia… Dr. Benjamin Levich pioneered the field of Hydrodynamic Electrochemistry in the 1950’s. He wrote a book calledPhysicochemical Hydrodynamics which was translated into English in 1964. Benjamin Levich

  6. The book made its way from Moscow to Minnesota… Benjamin Levich University of Minnesota

  7. During that same time period, Dr. John Albery from Oxford spent a summer in Minnesota… Oxford University University of Minnesota

  8. Meeting of Minds in Minnesota • Working in Dr. Bruckenstein’s lab were Dr. John Albery and two graduate students, Dennis Johnson & Duane Napp. • During that time, they built Rotating Disk Electrodes and Rotating Ring-Disk Electrodes. • Dr. Albery returned to Oxford and started a strong tradition of hydrodynamic voltammetry at that institution.(continued now by Dr. Richard Compton at Oxford). • Dennis and Duane befriended an entrepreneurial under-graduate electrical engineering student named Ted Hines.

  9. Nobody Stays Still for Very Long Ted Hines founded Pine Instrument Company

  10. Rotating Disk Electrode & Rotating Ring-Disk Electrodes http://compton.chem.ox.ac.uk/john/Thesis/1-figs/rde.gif

  11. Question #5 Do people still use the Rotating Disk Electrode? Answer Yes (amazingly) Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals & Applications, AJ Bard & LR Faulkner, Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980

  12. Present Day RDE Use Publications per Year

  13. Everybody is Studying Fuel Cell Catalysts http://electrochem.cwru.edu/ed/encycl/fig/c01/c01-f05b.jpg http://gladiator.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Images/nuggets/1a.jpg

  14. RRDE: Carbon disk, Platinum ring A platinum nanoparticle bearing film is coated on to the disk electrode http://gladiator.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Images/nuggets/1a.jpg

  15. RRDE: Carbon disk, Platinum Ring flow of dissolved O2 High speed rotation of the electrode drives dissolved oxygen gas toward the electrode

  16. flow ofdissolved O2 James P. Collman, Richard A. Decréau, Chem. Commun., 2008, 5065

  17. flow of dissolved O2 James P. Collman, Richard A. Decréau, Chem. Commun. (2008) 5065 U.A. Paulus et al. : Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 495 (2001) 134–145

  18. Question #6 Does Pine Make Potentiostats? Answer Yes (we always have)

  19. Several Generations ofBipotentiostat Designs Early 1980’s (AFRDE3 bipotentiostat) Late 1980’s (AFRDE4 bipotentiostat)

  20. These Models from the 1990’sare Still Widely Used & Supported 1991 (AFRDE5 bipotentiostat) 1995 (AFCBP1 bipotentiostat)

  21. Latest Models Portable USB Potentiostats 2008 (WaveNowPotentiostat) 2009 (WaveNanoPotentiostat)

  22. Question #7 How can you make such a small potentiostat? Answer Surface Mount Technology

  23. The Old Way: Thru-Hole PCBs

  24. The New Way: Surface Mount

  25. Question #8 Why aren’t there any buttons on your potentiostat? Answer These days, it’s all about the software

  26. Choose an Electroanalytical Technique…

  27. Enter Technique Parameters

  28. Monitor Experiments In Progress Queue Up Multiple Experiments

  29. Analyze and Plot Results

  30. AfterMath Data Organizer Software • Maintain Sets of Related Data in Single Archive • Works with AllPine Potentiostats • Easy Data Exchange with Excel & Other Applications

  31. Question #9 How do you take the portable potentiostat into the field?

  32. Other Intelligent Electrochemists Solved this Problema Long Time Ago…

  33. Question #10 Can you use it in a glove box? Answer Yes (using a wireless USB hub)

  34. Question #11 What was that cute electrochemical cellon that earlier slide? What’s that? Answer Student Voltammetry Cell with Disposable Patterned Electrodes

  35. The Cell is a 20 mL Disposable Vial The Patterned Electrodes are also Disposable

  36. Question #7 How do you make the patterned electrodes? Answer The Same Way you Make T-Shirts

  37. Mass Produced Electrodes The same technology used to make college T-shirts is also used to make electrochemical biosensors. Screen Printing is used to produce billions of disposable biosensor electrodes per year

  38. Screen-Printed Electrodesfor Blood Glucose Detection

  39. Wireless Biosensing (a live demonstration) TARGET MOLECULE Acetaminophen

  40. Wireless Biosensing (a live demonstration) Free Souvenir !

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