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Energy levels and sub-levels

Energy levels and sub-levels. Electron Configurations. Energy levels and sub-levels. Energy levels. These are broadly similar to the “shells” used in the Bohr Model.

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Energy levels and sub-levels

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  1. Energy levels and sub-levels Electron Configurations

  2. Energy levels and sub-levels Energy levels • These are broadly similar to the “shells” used in the Bohr Model • There are 4 main energy levels. The main energy levels are called the Principal Quantum numbers and abbreviated with the letter “n”. • Each main energy level has a corresponding number of sub-levels. So the first energy level has one sub-level, the 2nd level has two sub-levels, the 3rd has three, and so on.

  3. Energy levels and sub-levels Sub-levels The main energy levels contain sub-levels The different main energy levels have different numbers of sub-levels in them There are four types: s, p, d, f

  4. Energy levels and sub-levels: Orientation • The sub-levels themselves may have different orientations where the electrons can reside. • s has 1 orientation • p has 3 orientations • d has 5 orientations • f has 7 orientations

  5. Energy levels and sub-levels: Spin • Each level, sub-level, orientation can have a maximum of 2 electrons. • Since the electrons are existing in the same “energy-space”, they must avoid interfering with each other. (They have similar charges, and so should repel each other) • To avoid this, they must be “spinning” in opposite directions. This is often refered to as “spin-up and “spin-down”.

  6. s 1 2 Energy levels and sub-levels: Levels 1 and 2 s 1 1 2 2 8 2 p 3 6

  7. p 3 6 s 1 2 Energy levels and sub-levels: Level 3 18 d 10 5

  8. Energy levels and sub-levels : Level 4 4

  9. Energy levels and sub-levels : Level 4

  10. Energy levels and sub-levels : Level 4

  11. Energy levels and sub-levels : Level 4

  12. Energy levels and sub-levels : Level 4

  13. Energy levels and sub-levels: Level 4

  14. Energy levels and sub-levels: extended There are three more main levels after Level 4 Their energy sub-levels and orientations are described with the same rules that apply to Level 4 So Level 5 has 5s. 5p, 5d, and 5f sub-levels Level 6 has 6s, 6p, 6d and so on sub-levels

  15. Credits • With the inspiration and original work of Nigel Saunders, Creative Chemistry

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