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Supportive resource for:. Weaning workshop Eileen Wake. University of hull. When do you know a baby is ready to wean?. From a developmental perspective: Physically Gross physical development Fine motor development What social aspects should you consider when weaning an infant?
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Supportive resource for: Weaning workshopEileen Wake. University of hull
When do you know a baby is ready to wean? • From a developmental perspective: • Physically • Gross physical development • Fine motor development • What social aspects should you consider when weaning an infant? • Infants with ie severe cerebral palsy
What should you give babies from birth to six months? • Breast feeding is best • Parents decisions re formula milk • Issue of vit D deficiency for breast feeding mothers • Premature infants • Donor breast milk
Why shouldn’t you wean before 6mths: the info you need as student nurses • Digestive enzymes are not in sufficient quantity till 4-6mths of age • Gastric secretions less acidic than older children and adults • Smaller stomach capacity • Maturity of cardiac sphincter • Breast milk designed to match gut maturity • In babies peristalsis is faster so food wouldn’t stay long enough in the stomach to be digested • Liver function is immature right up to 1yrs including vitamin storage • Reduce risk of developing atopic conditions
6mths onwards • What foods do you start with • texture • How much • Nutritional aspects ieVit D guidance • http://www.dh.gov.uk/health/2012/02/vitamin-d/ • Baby led or spoon fed debate
Infant drinks • what is follow on milk? • What is the current advice about follow on milk • Why? • Why not tea or coffee? • What about other drinks? • What age should you start using a beaker rather than a bottle during the day? Why? • Why should you use a free flow beaker rather than a non spill one?
http://www.nhs.uk/news/2012/02February/Pages/spoonfeeding-baby-led-weaning-obesity.aspxhttp://www.nhs.uk/news/2012/02February/Pages/spoonfeeding-baby-led-weaning-obesity.aspx • Weaning video for parents NHS choices
How would you know if the child had a food allergy? • Which infants are more likely to develop a food allergy • What are the most common food allergies • What about food additives? • How will you know if the child is having an allergy to a food?
Further reading • Berry NJ, Jones SC, Iverson D (2011) relax, you are soaking in it: sources of information about infant formula. Breastfeeding review. 19(1):9-18 • http://www.nhs.uk/start4life/pages/babies-introducing-solid-food.aspx • Dept of Health (2008) Weaning. Starting solid food. London. DoH. http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_084164.pdf (aimed at parents) • Frewtrell M, Wilson D, Booth I, Lucas A (2011) Six months of exclusive breastfeeding: how good is the evidence? BMJ 2011; 342:c5955http://www.bmj.com/cgi/doi/10.1136/bmj.c5955 • McNielME ; Labbok MH ; Abrahams SW (2010) What are the risks associated with formula feeding? A re-analysis and review. Breastfeeding Review.18(2): 25-32 • Meyer R (2009) Infant feeding in the first year. 2: feeding practices from 6-12 months of life. Jnalof Family Health Care; 19(2): 47-50 • Ntouva, A. ; Rogers, I. ; MacAdam, A. ; Emmett, P. (2011) Weaning practices and iron status of exclusively breast fed infants. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics.24(3): 297-8 • Olson BH, Horodynski MA, Brophy-Herb H, Iwanski KC (2010) Health professionals' perspectives on the infant feeding practices of low income mothers. Maternal & Child Health Jnl.14(1): 75-85 • Public Health Agency (2010) Weaning made easy, moving from milk to family meals. www.publichealth.hscni.net/sites/default/files/weaning_0.pdf – for parents • Public Health Agency (2011) PHA Statement on exclusive breastfeeding and recommendations for the introduction of solid foods at six months. http://www.publichealth.hscni.net/news/pha-statement-exclusive-breastfeeding-and-recommendations-introduction-solid-foods-six-months. accessed June 2012 • Smith HA (2012) Formula supplementation and the risk of cow's milk allergy. British Jnlof Midwifery20(5): 345-50