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Chapter 17 Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy. 1841-1848. Whig Party. Strong nationalistic program Pro-bank Pro- protective tariff Pro-internal improvements William Henry Harrison dies 4 wks into office John Tyler – a Democrat in Whig clothing Expelled from party
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Whig Party • Strong nationalistic program • Pro-bank • Pro- protective tariff • Pro-internal improvements • William Henry Harrison dies 4 wks into office • John Tyler – a Democrat in Whig clothing • Expelled from party • Daniel Webster – Secretary of State – only one not to resign
Anti-British • 2 Anglo-American Wars • Travel Books • Money (Borrowing) • Attack of the American Steamer, Caroline • In Bahamas, British give asylum to some American slaves • Maine boundary dispute with Canada, Aroostook War
Texas • 1839-1840 – concluded treaties with France, Holland, & Belgium • To serve as protectorates • Britain very interested in independent Texas • Cotton • Puppet to challenge Monroe Doctrine • Free slaves
Texas leading issue in 1844 Presidential race • James K. Polk (D) defeats Henry Clay (W) • Tyler arranges for annexation by joint resolution • Mexico angry • Dispute Nueces River v. Rio Grande river • Manifest Destiny – 1840s – 1850s • Almighty God had “manifestly” destined the American people to spread their great views • “Great Compromiser” – Clay compromises his way out of White House • Liberty party spoils Clay’s chances
Britain and US • Dispute over Oregon • Hudson’s Bay Company – most important colonizing agency for British • American missionaries • Saving Indians in Willamette River Valley
Polk’s four-point program • Lower tariffs Walker Tariff 1846 – produced revenue • Restoration of independent treasury • Acquisition of California • Settlement of Oregon dispute • 49 line
California – gateway to Pacific Ocean • Polk sends Slidell to purchase • Slidell rejected • Polk sends Zachary Taylor “Old Rough & Ready” • Declare war based on • Unpaid claims • Slidell’s rejection • Mexico attacks • Congress votes to go to war • Lincoln questions Polk
Santa Anna plays games with Polk • Polk sends Winfield Scott • Capt. John C. Fremont to California • Trist (State department) signs Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • $18,250,000 • Provides field experience for Civil War • Navy • Generals • Military Academies
Wilmot Proviso • Slavery should never exist in any territory from Mexico • Not law but endorsed by all but 1 free state