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Density

Density. Mass per unit volume of a substance. Density: the amount of matter in a given space, or volume. Density = Mass/Volume. Physical Properties. Extensive physical properties depend on the amount (extent) of matter present Examples: length, volume and mass

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Density

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  1. Density Mass per unit volume of a substance

  2. Density: the amount of matter in a given space, or volume. • Density = Mass/Volume

  3. Physical Properties Extensive physical propertiesdepend on the amount (extent) of matter present Examples: length, volume and mass Intensive physical properties are intrinsic (fundamental) and do not depend on the amount of material present Examples: color, malleability, ductility, boiling point Can be used to identify a substance

  4. Is density an extensive or intensive property?

  5. Density • May change at higher temperatures • Unit of density is grams/cubic centimeter or g/cm3 • Unique so can be used to identify matter

  6. Review • Mass: the amount of matter in an object • Volume: the amount of space an object takes up • Density = Mass Volume Remember: “Density will break your heart”

  7. Density of a rectangular solid • Using the metric ruler, measure length, width and height of the object • Find the mass of the solid. • Use the formula: Volume = length x width x height • Density = mass/volume

  8. Displacement:density of an irregular object • Find the mass of the object. • Place some water in the graduated cylinder and record the volume. • Carefully add the object. • Read the new volume. • Subtract the old volume from the new volume. • Density = mass/volume

  9. Density of Liquids • Immiscible: liquids that are insoluble in one another • Density of water = 1 g/cm3 • To determine: • Find the mass of the empty graduated cylinder • Find the mass of the graduate + liquid • 2 - 1 = mass of liquid • Read the volume of the liquid • Density = mass/volume

  10. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued • Using Density to Identify Substances Look at the table below to compare densities of several common substances.

  11. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties

  12. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued • Liquid Layers The graduated cylinder below contains six liquids. Each liquid is a different density so the liquids form layers. • Density of Solids Knowing thedensity of a substance can alsotell you what kind ofsubstance it is.

  13. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fool’s gold) and gold apart? Avolume Bdensity Cmass Dstate

  14. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fool’s gold) and gold apart? Avolume Bdensity Cmass Dstate

  15. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 2. What do you think would happen if you placed a nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury? FThe pyrite would sink. GThe pyrite would dissolve. HThe mercury and the pyrite would react. IThe pyrite would float.

  16. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 2. What do you think would happen if you placed a nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury? FThe pyrite would sink. GThe pyrite would dissolve. HThe mercury and the pyrite would react. IThe pyrite would float.

  17. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude about the volume of each nugget? AThe volume of pyrite isgreater than the volume of gold. BThe volume of pyrite isless than the volume of gold. CThe volumes of thesubstances are equal. DThere is not enoughinformation to determine the answer.

  18. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude about the volume of each nugget? AThe volume of pyrite isgreater than the volume of gold. BThe volume of pyrite isless than the volume of gold. CThe volumes of thesubstances are equal. DThere is not enoughinformation to determine the answer.

  19. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 4. Which substance has the lowest density? Fhelium Gpyrite Hmercury I gold

  20. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 4. Which substance has the lowest density? Fhelium Gpyrite Hmercury I gold

  21. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 1. Imagine that you have discovered a new element, and you want to find its density. It has a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find the density of the element, you must divide the element’s mass by its volume. What is the density of the element? A0.102 g/cm3 B0.98 g/cm3 C9.85 g/cm3 D630.4 g/cm3

  22. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 1. Imagine that you have discovered a new element, and you want to find its density. It has a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find the density of the element, you must divide the element’s mass by its volume. What is the density of the element? A0.102 g/cm3 B0.98 g/cm3 C9.85 g/cm3 D630.4 g/cm3

  23. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is 1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink? F0.0018 g G498.2 g H561.9 g I619.5 g

  24. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is 1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink? F0.0018 g G498.2 g H561.9 g I619.5 g

  25. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density of gold is 19.32 g/cm3 , what is the volume of your gold nugget? A2.898 cm3 B7.76 cm3 C0.98 cm3 D0.13 cm3

  26. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density of gold is 19.32 g/cm3 , what is the volume of your gold nugget? A2.898 cm3 B7.76 cm3 C0.98 cm3 D0.13 cm3

  27. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume of 3.2 cm3. Object C, another solid, has a volume of 1.9 cm3. Which object is the least dense? Fobject A Gobject B Hobject C IThere is not enough information to determine the answer.

  28. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 2 4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume of 3.2 cm3. Object C, another solid, has a volume of 1.9 cm3. Which object is the least dense? Fobject A Gobject B Hobject C IThere is not enough information to determine the answer.

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