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Chapter 18 Discussion. With multiple substitutents there can be antagonistic or reinforcing effects. Antagonistic or Non-Cooperative. Reinforcing or Cooperative. D = Electron Donating Group ( ortho/para -directing) W = Electron Withdrawing Group (meta-directing) .
E N D
With multiple substitutents there can be antagonistic or reinforcing effects Antagonistic or Non-Cooperative Reinforcing or Cooperative D = Electron Donating Group (ortho/para-directing) W = Electron Withdrawing Group (meta-directing)
A B C D