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Soils

Soils. Soil. Weathering and erosion transports materials across Earth’s surface The loose material covers most of Earth’s surface is a resource . Soil (not dirt) is a combination of weathered rock and organic material that can support plant life. Soil formation is a slow process.

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Soils

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  1. Soils

  2. Soil • Weathering and erosion transports materials across Earth’s surface • The loose material covers most of Earth’s surface is a resource. • Soil (not dirt) is a combination of weathered rock and organic material that can support plant life. • Soil formation is a slow process.

  3. Soil Formation • Parent material – the material weathered into soil • Residual Soil – • Soil that contains weathered material that matches the local bedrock • The local bedrock was weathered in place and turned into soil. (Remember this is a very slow process) • Transported Soil • Soil that contains weathered material that is different from the local bedrock. • The rock material needed to make the soil was ‘transported’ (wind, water, glaciers) • NYS is mostly covered in transported soil

  4. Soil Profiles • The ‘ideal’ soil profile is composed of 4 layers • O - organic • A - leaching • B - accumulation • C – weathered parent material

  5. Soil Profiles

  6. Types of Soil • There are many different soils that are formed under unique conditions • Soil composition – • Inorganic material sand, silt, clay. • This material affects the amount of water within soil • sand dries out fast, clayey soil dries slower.

  7. Soil Classification • Different conditions lead to different soil types.

  8. Factors that influence Soil Development • Time • Parent Material • Plants and animals • Topography (slope) • Climate

  9. Some Soil Photos

  10. New York Tennessee

  11. South Dakota

  12. California

  13. Houston, TX North East US

  14. Northeast woodland

  15. Tropical Soils: • Very thick B layer

  16. England

  17. Desert Soil

  18. Hawaii Soil

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