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EFC Interoperability – Requirements and Status. J.W. Tierolf RWS – AVV 12 June 2007. Overview. EC legislation General Eurovignet Directive Interoperability Directive CESARE 3 Model TC - TSP relation Interoperability – status & timetable Standardisation
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EFC Interoperability –Requirements and Status J.W. Tierolf RWS – AVV 12 June 2007 Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Overview • EC legislation • General • Eurovignet Directive • Interoperability Directive • CESARE 3 Model • TC - TSP relation • Interoperability – status & timetable • Standardisation • Enforcement - generic & autonomous systems • EC Requirements Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
EC Legislation - General • Types of Law/Regulation • Treaty • Directive • Decision • Non-discrimination • Foreigners may not be charged more or have more difficult conditions • No Borders • Not allowed to stop travelers/trucks/cars at internal EU borders • Privacy Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Eurovignet Directive • Trucks and Coaches • On TERN, but other Roads allowed • Tariffs • Based on infra costs • Limited 15 –25 % extra for objects (e.g. tunnels) • No external costs allowed, but differentation is ok (e.g. euroclass) • (2008 start discussion on environmental costs) • (minimum level for Vehicle Use Tax) Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Interoperability Directive 2004/52 • Directive adopted April 2004 • Per 2007 3 technologies allowed: • Satellite (GPS/Galileo) (location) • DSRC 5,8GHz microwave (beacons) • GSM/GPRS (communication) • EETS is parallel service • Offered by MS/TC at request of users • One User contract + One EETS OBU • Implementation after EETS definition decision: • 3 years for trucks and coaches • 5 years for cars Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Cesare 3 • ASECAP (concessionnaires) and Stockholm Group analysed organisational contractual and procedural issues and developed EETS role model • Stockholm Group is authorities platform for EFC and Interoperability • Members are ministries of transport, taxoffices or national Road Authorities of: • AT, CH, DE, FI, NL, PL, SE, Slov, UK Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Interoperability Manager EETS Provider Toll Charger Service User Roll Model EETS Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Roll Model EETS Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
TC – TSP Relations • TC needs from/about TSP • Guarantees: • financial status; payment of valid toll declarations • Mechanism that 100% of passages are declared + truthful toll declarations (Is thin OBU + proxy possible?) • National TSP may be controllable and trusted • European EETS TSP maybe no trusted party • (banks consider each other non-trusted parties) • This could place extra or higher demands on arrangements • e.g. non-public keys • Interoperability Management Rules (not mandatory?) Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Elements for Interoperability • Definition Decision • Standards • for DSRC Systems • Communication, Charging, Enforcement • for Autonomous Systems • Charging, Updating, Enforcement • Enforcement based on DSRC; should be ‘non-trusted’ • Application Guide for: • EETS Procedures, Interoperability Management • Certification of OBUs? Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Interoperability status • EC rewriting decision • Draft Mid June ‘07 • Just 1 decision • Minimum approach • Technical details in standards • Procedures in application guide (Cesare IV?) • Leave more to the Market • Including EMB (no public law status) Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Interoperability Timetable • Draft decision – June 2007 • Comité Télépéage – 26 June • For two-way information only • Member States only (plus EEA?) - (no voting) • Decision – end ’07 (EC); mid ’08 (real?) • Start for 3 & 5 years time to implementation • DSRC standards – about ready • GNSS draft standard – mid ’08? • EC grant under ‘new approach’ • Enforcement Module separate? Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Standardisation • GNSS standard to include ?: • Updating protocol • Enforcement protocol • For roadside checking, including secure part for unalterable track records • Allowing both ‘thin’ or ‘fat’ operation • Further DSRC standard almost there • Standard for TPS – TC Interface needed? Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
International Enforcement • Enforcement is national/local responsibility in the 1st place • Therefore checks are best done and enforced, while vehicle is in toll domain and under national jurisdiction • Internationally, non-100%, statistical approaches most likely • Internationally, only follow-up of confirmed penalties may be possible • VERA 3 data exchange network • ‘Vera 3’ directive ? Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Autonomous Systems’ Enforcement • TC needs way to check if vehicles send valid declarations or are paying • If vehicles are equipped • From which EETS provider they are • Ranging from full control to random checks • TC needs way to check if declarations are truthful • Unalterable secure track records • Efficient methods for Checking needed • For high volumes, video or (better) electronic ways (DSRC) with secure smart card or simcard • Unalterable, with signature, hash code Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Autonomous Systems’ Enforc. -2 • Vehicles, not sending valid toll declarations may not be fraudulent • E.g. malfunctioning equipment • To provide alternative • TC may want control mechanisms to check TSP too • EETS accreditation first, then good contract • TSP to guarantee valid declarations; keep track records; etc. • E.g. audits • TC roadside checks Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
EC requirements • No Borders • EC allows no border checks/controls (5 kms inland ok?) • OBUs not mandatory for foreigners • Unless cheap (5€?) and easy to install (<10 min ?) • EETS OBU & Contract to be accepted by all TCs • Non-discrimination • Also for foreign TSPs • HGV, Tax, Interoper. directives + EU Market Rules • Only 3 technologies allowed • But parallel other system for national vehicles allowed? (could be cheaper) Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf
Conclusions • EC regulations pose additional requirements • Standards required too (CEN; DSRC, GPS incl. enforcement) • Interoperability Management also required (Cesare 4 application guide? + establishment IM) • Certification: market process? • 2008 decision, rest should be clear and most ready within a year. • Issues • TC-TSP relation (guarantees, balance for business) • Enforcement of autonomous systems • Interoperability Management Warsaw RUC Seminar - 12 June 2007 - JW Tierolf