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Review 1 st Midterm

Review 1 st Midterm. LI 2013 Nathalie F. Martin. On the Exam. Here is what will be on the exam: Language: A Preview (chap. 1, O’Grady) Fields of linguistics (handout and Powerpoint ) Phonetics (brief introduction done in class) Morphology (chap. 4, O’Grady)

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Review 1 st Midterm

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  1. Review1st Midterm LI 2013 Nathalie F. Martin

  2. On the Exam ... Here is what will be on the exam: • Language: A Preview (chap. 1, O’Grady) • Fields of linguistics (handout and Powerpoint) • Phonetics (brief introduction done in class) • Morphology (chap. 4, O’Grady) ... In short, what we saw in class 

  3. What you should know: • Def: Morphology • Morphemes: • Free, bound morphemes • Allomorphs • Analysing Word Structure • Root, affix • Base • Affix: prefix, suffix, infixes • Derivation: • English derivational affixes • Complex derivation • Constraints in derivation • Two classes of derivational affixes MORPHOLOGY (chap. 4, O’Grady)

  4. What you should know: • Inflection: • Inflections in English • Inflection vs. Derivation • Compounding: • Properties of compounds • Endocentric and exocentric compounds • Compounding in other languages •  Other Morphological Phenomenon: • Processes: Internal change, suppletion, reduplication, tone placement / cliticization, conversion, clipping, blends, backformation, acronyms, onomatopoeia, etc. MORPHOLOGY(continued) (chap. 4, O’Grady)

  5. Correction of last week’shomework • Exercise 9 (see p. 117) a) b)

  6. Correction of last week’shomework • Exercise 9 c)

  7. Correction of last week’shomework • Exercise 13 • Inflectional • Derivational • Inflectional* → lovely, lovelier, loveliest (p. 125) • Inflectional • Derivation

  8. Morphology Invent a word using this root : VACUUM • by adding a prefix to this base (make sure that there are no constrains to the combination). • And then adding a suffix. • Draw the structure (tree) of the two words that you have just created. • What are the lexical categories of these words?

  9. What you should know: • How humans are made to speak • What is language • Linguistic competence vs. performance • Descriptive vs. Prescriptive approach to language • Grammar: • Generality, parity, universality, mutability, inaccessibility LANGUAGE: AN INTRODUCTION (chap. 1, O’Grady)

  10. Thingsyoushould know … • What is language? • Definiti0n: language, languages and speech • Linguistic competence vs. performance

  11. Contemporary Linguistics Analysis: p. 2. 1.1 Specialization for Language

  12. Descriptive or Prescriptive? • Newfoundland English retains distinct morphology brought in by the original settlers (e.g. « I goes », « you goes » and « all the people goes »). • It is not proper to use double negatives (e.g. I don’t have nothing).

  13. Grammar, as seen through Linguist’s eyes ... • Generality: • Parity: • Universality: • Mutability: • Inaccessibility: • All languages have a grammar • All grammars are equal • Grammars are alike in basic ways • Grammars change over time • Grammatical knowledgeissubconscious

  14. What you should know: • Linguistics • Fields of linguistics (handout and Powerpoint) • Descriptive linguistics • Applied linguistics FIELDS OF LINGUISTICS (handout and Powerpoint)

  15. earlydays of the study of language • Philology • Historical linguistics • Comparative linguistics Objet: ancient civilisations Objet: language(s) and it’s/their evolution Objet: comparison between languages

  16. Fields of Linguistics ________________ • Phonology • Morphology • Syntax • Semantics • Pragmatics ________________ • Sociolinguistics • Psycholinguistics • Neurolinguistics • Computational linguistics

  17. What you should know: • Introduction to phonetics • Sounds of English • Consonants & vowels • IPA chart (general) • Transcription PHONETICS: A Brief Introduction (Handout and Powerpoint)

  18. IPA Consonants Chart

  19. IPA VowelChart

  20. IPA Glides (examples)

  21. Phonetic Practice • Read these words phonetically and write them out using conventional English spelling. • [mit] • [ ʃuz] • [skul] • [mjuzɪk] • Fill in the missing symbols. • Cartoons = [ _ ɑ _ _ u _ _ ] • Singing = [ _ ɪ _ ɪ _ ] • English = [ɪ__ _ ɪ_] • Cheese = [_ _ _ _ ]

  22. Have a niceday!Godblessyou!“Now to him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you blameless before the presence of his glory with great joy, to the only God, our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion, and authority, before all time and now and forever. Amen.” (Jud 1:24-25 )

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