1 st Semester Midterm Review

1. 1st Semester Midterm Review

2. The Great Compromise during the constitutional debates was • The counting of slaves as 3/5ths a person for representation • A mix of the legislative ideas of the Virginia and New Jersey plans • An attempt to resolve the issues of the Northwest territory • The Antifederalists’ final ratification of the Constitution

3. B • These plans determined how many representatives states got in both the Senate and the House of Representatives

4. One reason colonists opposed the Stamp Act was because it • Banned colonial newspapers • Increased the cost of American goods • Disrupted trading patterns • Taxed them without their consent

5. D • Taxation without representation

6. Which act passed by Parliament first started colonial opposition to British policy? • Stamp Act • Townshend Acts • Tea Act • Intolerable Acts

7. A • The Stamp Act came first!

8. In Common Sense, Thomas Paine expressed the view that Americans should • Demand that colonies have representation in Parliament • Denounce their loyalty to King George • Abandon their hopes of independence • Seek aid from France to gain their independence

9. B • The purpose of Common Sense was to convince colonists that the king did not have their best interests at heart.

10. The philosopher who first stated that government exists to protect “Life, liberty, and property” was • John Locke • Thomas Hobbes • Charles-Louis de Montesquieu • Jean-Jacques Rousseau

11. A • John Locke and his natural rights!

12. The main author of the Declaration of Independence was • John Adams • Thomas Jefferson • Benjamin Franklin • George Washington

13. B • Thomas Jefferson drew inspiration from many Enlightenment thinkers like Locke.

14. In 1215, King John’s powers were reduced when he was forced to sign the • Magna Carta • Oath of Fealty • The 95 Theses • Concordant of Worms

15. A • The Magna Carta, like the Constitution, limited the power of the leader through checks and balances.

16. Which of the following is a Latin word meaning “I forbid” and was used by the Roman government? • Senator • Law • Citizen • veto

17. D • Veto = the greatest check given to the President of the U.S.

18. Which important feature of government did the U.S. get from the Roman Republic? • Bill of rights • Checks and balances • Voting rights • An independent judiciary

19. C • Voting rights came from the Romans. • The first two and the last one came from the English.

20. The new type of government developed by the Romans was a • Republic • Tribunal • Dictatorship • City-state

21. A • A republic is a representative government!

22. How was Hammurabi’s Code made known to the people? • By having people serve on juries • By having priests explain the laws • By having it painted on cave walls • By having it written down.

23. D • Hammurabi’s Code was the first set of laws that were written down for people to see.

24. An achievement of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was that it • Outlawed slavery • Eliminated the debt problem of small farmers • Promoted the construction of waterways • Provided a way to admit new states into the union

25. D • The Northwest Ordinance came up with a way to admit new states.

26. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided the land of the Northwest territory into • States • Counties • Townships • Legislative districts

27. C • 36 one sq. mile townships (each was 640 acres)

28. Articles I, II, and III of the Constitution created the three branches of government. Which principle was used by the framers? • Checks and balances • Separation of powers • Popular sovereignty • Limited government

29. B • Separation of powers was the principle of giving each branch unique responsibilities.

30. Which of the following is protected by the First Amendment? • Right to a trial by jury • Right to a speedy trial • Freedom of association or assembly • Freedom from cruel punishment

31. C • Assembly is another word for association. • The first two are covered under the 6th amendment • The last is the 8th amendment

32. Based on Article I of the Constitution, the power to declare war belongs to • The President • States • The Senate • Congress

33. D • Congress (both houses) is responsible for declaring war.

34. The 10th Amendment designates all powers not given to the federal government to the • Judicial branch • States • Senate • citizens

35. B • The 10th Amendment guarantees states’ rights.

36. The enumerated or expressed powers in the Constitution are given to • The states • The National or federal government • Both the states and national governments • The Supreme Court

37. B • The Constitution enumerates or delegates all powers to the federal government.

38. All of the following are enumerated powers of the government except • Levy taxes • Declare war • Coin money • Build roads

39. D • Building roads is the responsibilty of the states.

40. The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution are called the • Declaration of Independence • Articles of Confederation • Bill of Rights • Federalist Papers

41. C • They are called the Bill of Rights!

42. John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison are best known for writing arguments for ratification of the Constitution which are known as • Common Sense • The Federalist • The Republican • The Virginia Plan

43. B • They are also sometimes called the Federalist Papers.

44. The “reserved powers” included in the Constitution belong to • Congress • The Supreme Court • The states • The President

45. C • Reserved powers are state powers.

46. Arguments for the ratification of the new Constitution were published as • Common Sense • The Declaration of Independence • The Federalist • The Articles of Confederation

47. C • A.k.a. the Federalist Papers

48. The Constitution handled the issue of slavery by • Legalizing it • Outlawing it • Passing the Great Compromise • Tolerating it

49. D • Rather than legalizing it or outlawing it, the Framers felt it necessary to tolerate slavery to get states to ratify the Constitution.

50. The idea of sharing power between the king and Parliament came from the • Mayflower Compact • English Bill of Rights • Magna Carta • Structure of feudalism