Green Technologies In Minas Gerais ( Brazil )

1. Green Technologies In Minas Gerais (Brazil) Ricardo M. Pinto-Coelho Fundação HidroEx – Frutal (MG) http://ecologia.icb.ufmg.br/~rpcoelho/HidroEx/website/index.htm

2. BRAZIL • Large political autonomy of states and municipalities. • 8.5 million de Km2 • 187 million inhabitants • 26 States • 1 Federal District • 5.564 Municipalities. • Five major regions: • North • Northeastern • Southeasthern • Middle-West • - South • (*) IBGE, 2007 IBGE, 2010

3. Brazil is now one of the largest food producers in the world. According to FAO, the country is the one of the 10 largest producers of soya, livestock, chicken meat, sugar, coffee, orange juice, cotton and other tropical fruits. The country is still the largest producer of biofuel (ethanol). Fonte: FAO/ONU, 2004

4. Brazil is now one of the largest food producers in the world. According to FAO, the country is the one of the 10 largest producers of soya, livestock, chicken meat, sugar, coffee, orange juice, cotton and other tropical fruits. The country is still the largest producer of biofuel (ethanol). Fonte: FAO/ONU, 2004

5. Brazil is now one of the largest food producers in the world. According to FAO, the country is the one of the 10 largest producers of soya, livestock, chicken meat, sugar, coffee, orange juice, cotton and other tropical fruits. The country is still the largest producer of biofuel (ethanol). Fonte: FAO/ONU, 2004

6. Brazil is now one of the largest food producers in the world. According to FAO, the country is the one of the 10 largest producers of soya, livestock, chicken meat, sugar, coffee, orange juice, cotton and other tropical fruits. The country is still the largest producer of biofuel (ethanol). Fonte: FAO/ONU, 2004

7. Brazil is now one of the largest food producers in the world. According to FAO, the country is the one of the 10 largest producers of soya, livestock, chicken meat, sugar, coffee, orange juice, cotton and other tropical fruits. The country is still the largest producer of biofuel (ethanol). Fonte: FAO/ONU, 2004

8. Brazil is now one of the largest food producers in the world. According to FAO, the country is the one of the 10 largest producers of soya, livestock, chicken meat, sugar, coffee, orange juice, cotton and other tropical fruits. The country is still the largest producer of biofuel (ethanol). Fonte: FAO/ONU, 2004

9. O cultivo da soja experimentou um grande avanço no centro-oeste do Brasil na última década.

10. Biocombustíveis (Etanol) IBGE, 2009

12. No Brasil, existem 200 milhões de hectares de pastagens dos quais 50 milhões degradados. Essas áreas (localizadas no anel do desmate da Amazônia) não produzem nada e ainda contribuem para gerar calor e falta de água e são fontes de assoreamento. Essas áreas já apresentam características climáticas de semi-árido e de deserto. IBGE, 2007

13. ANA, 2010

14. BRASIL – Um paíscaracterizadopor um intensoprocesso de urbanização POPULAÇÃO (1950): 52 milhões Áreasurbanas : 19 milhões (36,5%) Áreasrurais: 33 milhões (63,5%) POPULAÇÃO (2008): 187 milhões Áreasurbanas: 151 milhões (80,7%) Áreasrurais: 36 milhões (19,3%) IBGE - Censo 2000

15. Green Technologies in Minas Gerais Waste Management Recycling Solar Energy ……. [???? Much have to be done….]

16. Existing major legal basis in Brazil regulating different environmental issues (water resources, forest, biodiversity, etc). Nevertheless, the regulatory apparatus of Brazilian state does not cover key aspects of sustainable development such as the waste management and recycling or the use of new green technologies

18. A conventional landfill (waste deposit) is a distant dream im most cities in the country and in Minas Gerais, as well.

19. “Lixão” in São Paulo

20. Brazil: Wastewater Treatment Deficit IBGE, 2010

21. Recycling in Brazil The adoption of the recycling economy in this country should be placed as a top priority for the keeping of sustainable economic growth. Recycling is a serious business that involves university research, personal capacitation at all levels, strong social mobilization, legal basis and governmental support

23. Is Brazil ready to adopt the “recycling” approach ? In this book (2009), I reviewed the economy of recycling and sustainable development in Brazil. If I could say - in a single word – the message of this book, I would take the word “opportunity”. Our society is eager to adopt new behaviors of sustainable consum. On the other side, the government as well as the private sector need to be “stimulated” in this area.

26. Carreciclyng in Brazil This picture maybe represents the acutal stage of car recycling in Brazil: informality of the sector, illegal market of second hand spare parts, lack of thechonologies and the absence of major public policies, Nevertheless, the automobile internal market is the fourth largest in the World (Le Figaro, June, 2010)

28. Land fill of Belo Horizonte • 3,0 Mio inhab. Capital of Minas Gerais state • it was operational for decades • the methane emission will be fueling an electric power station in the short run

29. Recyclingofhousingresiduals in Belo Horizonte 05 01 - Recyclingofconstructionresiduals is increasing - City administration runs a excellenceprogramme (nationwide) 04 02 03

30. Theamountofdischargeofhouseconstructionresidualshasdecreaseddramaticallyfollowingthebeginofoperationoftherecycling programe ofresidualsof PBH

31. The recycling of housing residuals • (an original solution) • The programme: • Involves the poor communities (favelas) by • giving them an occupation with the possibility of relative good inputs (US$ 600.-/month) • uses horse power to push small “carroças” that are adapted to the narrow and the steep streets of Belo Horizonte • Faculty of Veterinary (UFMG) gives support to this programme (genetic improvement of best varieties of horses, clinical assistance, etc) • The programme is a big success since it involves improvement of the environment and the quality in the favelas, as well.

32. Missions of CMRR • (Centro Mineiro de ReferênciaemResíduos) • Support of decision making in public policies in the areas of recycling and waste management • Capacitation (popular education) • Events

34. Green Technologies in Minas Gerais • - Challenges for the near future • Despite the positive scenario in terms of Science and Technology in MG state , there is a clear demand of an integrated policy linking the existing legal basis , the technological effort and the social mobilization in some key areas of green technologies: • Domestic water recycling • Automobile recycling • Selective waste management • Eco-Housing (low energy and water consum, new materials, intelligent houses) • Involvement of good producers in recyling (ex: plastic, cooking oil, glass and eletrocnics) • Support to cooperatives and small recycling firmas • Support for the creation of clusters of recycling firmas • New industrial uses of reclyced goods.

35. ManyThanks Ricardo Motta Pinto Coelho UNESCO – HIDROEX E-mail: rpcoelho@globo.com

36. Minas Gerais In thelastdecade, Federal (Union) andState (MG) administrationshavebeengivingstrongsupportnotonly to increasebutalso to qualityenhancement in theuniversity sector as well as in researchinstitutes. PublicResearchInstitutes in Minas Gerais Publicuniversities in Minas Gerais sate PublicResearchInstitutes in Minas Gerais

37. Minas Gerais Thestateagency FAPEMIG hasincreaseddramaticallytheamountsaloocated to research in thelast four years. Otherstatefunding agencies

38. Minas Gerais Effortofpersonalcapacitation in thestateof Minas Gerais (NumbersofMasterand PhD in thestate)

39. BH-TECH A new era for theadvacementofscienceandtechnology in Minas Gerais The UFMG is the third most important university in Brazil. It is building an advanced technological park that will boost the creation of high technology enterprises in MG state