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Chapter 4

Chapter 4. Complements. Complements. Word or word group that completes the meaning of a verb Incomplete: Kyle bought (what?) Complete: Kyle bought fries. The complement is fries Incomplete: Mom thanked (whom?) Complete: Mom thanked Grandma. Complement is Grandma. Complements Continued.

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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Complements

  2. Complements • Word or word group that completes the meaning of a verb • Incomplete: Kyle bought (what?) • Complete: Kyle bought fries. • The complement is fries • Incomplete: Mom thanked (whom?) • Complete: Mom thanked Grandma. • Complement is Grandma

  3. Complements Continued • Can be Noun, Adjective, or Pronoun • This class is exciting. • Adjective = exciting • Completes meaning by describing the class • The neighbors are writers. • Noun = writers • Completes meaning by telling what they are • My uncle sent me a postcard • Pronoun = me, noun = postcard • Completes meaning by telling what was sent and whom it was sent to

  4. Direct Object • Noun, pronoun, or word group that tells who or what receives the action of the verb • Ask whom or what after transitive verbs!! • The class built a model of the Titanic. • The frost destroyed some of the plants. • I greet students at the door.

  5. Direct Objects Continued • Can be compound (more than one) • I ate pizza and cheese sticks. • Can never complete the meaning of a linking verb • Linking verb does not express action • Is never part of prepositional phrase • He walked for hours in the countryside.

  6. Indirect Objects • Noun, pronoun, or word group that sometimes appears in sentences containing direct objects • Tells to whom or for whom, or to what or for what the action of the verb is done • Tim showed the class his project. • Mom bought us a new computer. • Dad gave whatever needed fixing his full attention.

  7. Indirect Objects Continued • Can be compund • Joe sent Karen, Jen, and Mike a postcard. • Linking verbs do not have indirect objects • Never in prepositional phrase • A noun or pronoun that follows to or for is the object of the preposition, not the indirect object • He gave some flowers to his sister. (p. phrase) • He gave his sister some flowers. (io)

  8. Subject Complements • Word or word group that completes the meaning of a linking verb and that identifies or describes the subject • Alice is a dedicated teacher. • The lemonade tastes sour. • The new pliers were what she wanted.

  9. Predicate Nominative • Word or word group in the predicate and identifies the subject or refers to it • May be a noun, pronoun, or word group that functions as a noun • Completes meaning of linking verb • Mr. Richards became mayor of the town. • DO NOT appear in prepositional phrase and can be compund

  10. Predicate Adjective • Adjective that is the predicate and describes the subject • Completes the meaning of linking verb • The chili tastes spicy. • How cheerful the baby is! • A nuclear reactor is very powerful. • Can be compound

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