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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES. DEFINITION. IF Clause (a condition ) + Main Clause (a result ). If s/he doesn’t call me, I won’t talk to her / him again . I won’t talk to her / him again if s/he doesn’t call me.

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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

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  1. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

  2. DEFINITION • IF Clause (a condition) + MainClause (a result). If s/he doesn’tcall me, I won’ttalktoher/himagain. I won’ttalktoher/himagainif s/he doesn’tcall me. • Position of the “IfClause”: It can gofirstor at theend of thesentence; butifitgoesfirst, it’sfollowedby a comma.

  3. ZERO CONDITIONAL • Thezeroconditionaltalksaboutanevent/situationthatis a general truth/fact. • If/whenhavethesamemeaning in thissentence. . • Ifhumanbeingsdon’tdrink, they die. • If + subject + present simple, subject + present simple. • Togiveorders and advice. (Imperative) • Ifyouwantto lose weight, goon a diet.

  4. FIRT CONDITIONAL • Thefirstconditionaltalksabout a posible futureresult. Itreferstothefuture. • If I have time, I’llcook a paella. • If + subject + present s., subject + will (on’t) + infinitive You can use mightinstead of will in themainclauseto mean “willperhaps”.

  5. SECOND CONDITIONAL • Thesecondconditionalpresentsanimaginarysituation in thepresentorfuture. Whenitreferstothefuturethedifferencewiththefirstoneisthattheconditionislesslikelyto come true. • If I had time, I wouldcook a paella. • If + subject + past s. , subject + would (n’t)+ infinitive • Thepast s. referstoanhypotheticalsituation. • CouldorMight can beusedinstead of would.

  6. THIRD CONDITIONAL • We use thistypetotalkabouthypotheticalsituation in thepast. It’stheonlyonethatreferstothepast. Sincethepastcan’tbechangeditreferstoanunrealsituation in thepast. • If I hadhad time, I wouldhavecooked a paella. • If + subject + pastpresent, subject + would(n’t) + have + pastparticiple. • Could (wouldbepossible) and might (wouldperhaps) can beused in themainclause.

  7. VARIATIONS • We can use a variety of verbforms, notonlytheones in thefourbasicconditinals: • Ifyouwantto lose weight, youshouldgoon a diet. • Ifyouare goingtocooka paella, youneedtobuytheingredients. (futureintention) • Iftheywerestudyingmore, theywouldpasstheexam. (toemphasizetheprogress of theaction) • Iftheyhadbeenstudyingmore, theywouldhavepassedtheexam (action in progress)

  8. MIXED CONDITIONAL: THIRD/SECOND (PAST - PRESENT) • In mixedconditionalstheifclause and themainclausesometimesreferto a different time period. • If I hadsavedsomemoney, I wouldn’tbebrokenow.

  9. MIXED CONDITIONAL:SECOND/THIRD (PRESENT-PAST) • If I wereyourteacher, I wouldhavemadeyou prepare a presentationeveryweek. • Theifclauserefersto a situation in thepresent and themainclausetotheconsecuences in thepast.

  10. MIXED CONDITIONAL:SECOND/THIRD (FUTURE-PAST) • If I weren’ttakenanexamnextweek, Iwouldhavegoneto Portugal with my friends. • Theifclauserefersto a situation in thefutureand themainclausetotheconsecuences in thepast.

  11. MIXED CONDITIONAL:SECOND/THIRD (PAST-FUTURE) • Ifyouhadn’tspentmoneylikewater, youwould come totheStateswith me nextmonth. • Theifclauserefersto a situation in thepast and themainclausetotheconsecuences in thefuture.

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