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Hoover’s Plan. Suspend collection of international debts Balance the budget Let corporations help the needy Providing welfare would Destroy the American Spirit. He does create the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (business loans). Tax Policies Under Hoover
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Hoover’s Plan • Suspend collection of international debts • Balance the budget • Let corporations help the needy • Providing welfare would Destroy the American Spirit • He does create the Reconstruction • Finance Corporation • (business loans)
Tax Policies Under Hoover • Raised the tariff to 42% under the Hawley-Smoot Tariff. A Tariff war ensued.
Hoover Administration “We in America today are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of any land.”Herbert Hoover “. . . The average man won’t really do a day’s work unless he is caught and cannot get out of it.”Henry Ford
Hoover’s Depression Remedies • Reduced the presidential salary by 25% • Encouraged business leaders to voluntarily maintain employment, wages, and capital investment levels. • Reconstruction Finance Corporation - provided federal loans to banks, life insurance companies, railroads and other business. • Federal Farm Board - provided $500 million to lend farm cooperatives to help them market their crops. • Agricultural Marketing Act - tried to raise crop prices by purchasing surplus food.
Bonus Army A group of World War I veterans marched to Washington in 1932 asking to receive their pension bonus early to help them get through the Great Depression. Four troops of cavalry, four companies of infantry, a machine gun squadron, and six tanks assembled near the White House. General Douglas MacArthur was in charge with his aide, General Eisenhower.
Bonus Army Marching down Pennsylvania Avenue, MacArthur used tear gas on the protestors and burned their buildings. Two veterans had been shot, to death, an eleven-week old baby had died, an eight year old boy was partially blinded by the tear gas, two police had fractured skulls, and a thousand veterans were injured by gas.
Herbert Hoover Republican Incumbent Franklin Delano Roosevelt Democrat Governor of New York The Election of 1932 VS.
Presidential Elections Republican Democrat Why the Dramtic Change in 4 Years? 1928 1932
What Really Caused the Great Depression?
1933 Inauguration Day Can you detect the New Yorker magazine’s bias on the inauguration of F.D.R.?
“So first of all let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” Franklin Delano Roosevelt
New Deal Goals Relief To assist distressed persons through direct money payments, jobs, and mortgage loans. Recovery To lift the nation out of the depression through aid to farmers, businessmen, and workers Reform To eliminate abuses in the economy and to prevent future depressions through protection of bank depositors, investors, consumers, the aged, and the unemployed.