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Single-sex Education:. Should males and females be seperated in public schools? by Shal Blevins and Adrienne Smith. What is the current status of gender issues in the public schools?.
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Single-sex Education: Should males and females be seperated in public schools? by Shal Blevins and Adrienne Smith
What is the current status of gender issues in the public schools? According to the National Association of Single-Sex Public Education, there are at least 445 single-sex classrooms across the country and at least 95 single-sex schools as of 2009
Single-gender classrooms and single-gender schools . . . what's the difference? • single-gender classrooms exist in co-educational schools and are subject to more guidelines • single-gender schools house only one gender and are subject to fewer guidelines
Single-sex classrooms must: provide co-educational alternatives must conduct a review every 2 years provide a rationale for implementing single-sex classes Single-sex schools must: provide co-educational alternatives must conduct a review every 2 years Restrictions for Single-Sex Education on Public Classrooms andSchools
Legal History of Single-Sex Education • prior to 2004 single-sex public schools were not allowed • in 2004, federal regulatory changes were made allowing public schools to implement single-sex education • Department of Education put forth new regulations governing single-sex education
The Reasoning Behind Single-sex Education • boys and girls learn differently • distractions can be prevalent • key social and emotional differences • teachers interact differently with boys and girls
What evidence is there that boys and girls learn differently? • Study indicated that boys were less likely to graduate from high school or college or perform well on standardized tests • 57% of all degrees awarded went to females • a study showed only 37% of boys in a co-educational class passed the state writing test • those in single-sex classes passed at a rate of 86% • differences include use of space, need or lack of need of movement, and willingness or unwillingness to collaborate
March 3, 2009 interview with Dr. Leornard Sax on the Today Show with Matt Lauerhttp://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/26184891/vp/29480854#29480854
"Simply knowing that there are sex-typical patterns of performance on cognitive tests and seeing how male and female brains differ don't permit the conclusion that the brain differences are the cause of the cognitive differences or vice versa. To infer a brain-behavior relationship, we need (a) evidence that links those portions of the brain that differ by sex to sex-typical differences on cognitive tasks and (b) a good theory (one that can be falsified) that predicts or explains the relationship." Diane Halpern, 2004 president of the American Psychological Association and author of Sex Differences and Cognitive Abilities
Teachers and Single-sex Classrooms • male teachers emulate much of young boys' exuberance and foster educational strategies • female teachers show respect for girls' sensitive and emotional nature • having teachers of the same sex often promotes activities and areas of interest
What are the benefits of single-sex schools and classrooms? • fewer behavior issues • increased participation and attention span • fosters attitudes of sister and brotherhood • increased academic achievement • maximization of educational benefits • better education for low-income students • emphasis on learning rather than socialization • more opportunities for girls to excel in typicallymale-oriented professions
Co-Educational Classrooms: Distractions and Social and Emotional Differences • children tend to be fascinated, preoccupied or embarrassed around the opposite sex, particularly during adolescence • learning in single-sex classrooms tends to be more focused when not in the presence of the opposite sex
What are the drawbacks? • single-sex education reinforces gender stereotypes. • "A boy who has never been beaten by a girl on an algebra test could have some major problems having a female supervisor." • attitude that "boys must be bullied and girls must be coddled"
Drawbacks continued . . . . • focus on single-sex education takes efforts away from eliminating racial and socioeconomic disparities • areas of curriculum in need of revision are often overlooked • separating students by gender could lead to racial and religious divisions • teachers may not have adequate training
What do the kids think about single-sex schools and classrooms?
References Editorial Projects in Education. "Single-gender school houses." Drawing. edweek.org 24 June 1996. 19 September 2009. <blogs.edweek.org/.../2008/05/singlesex_ed_1.html>. Kumar, P. "Kids enjoying music." Cartoon. grandmagrandpas.com 2008. 19 September 2009. <http://www.grandmagrandpas.com/after_school_club.html> Medina, Jennifer. (2009, March 11). Boys and Girls Together, Taught Separately in Public Schools [Electronic version]. The New York Times, p.24. McPherson, S. "Teachers." Cartoon. globalconnections2008.ning.com 2009. 19 September 2009. <http://globalconnections2008.ning.com/>. Mt. Lebanon School District. "School house." Drawing. mtlsd.org 31 October 2000. 19 September 2009. <http://www.mtlsd.org/foster_elementary/>. National Association of Single Sex Public Education. (2006- 2008). The legal status of single-sex public education. Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://www.singlesexschools.org/legal.html.
Bracey, G. (2007, February). The success of single-sex education is still unproven. Education Digest, 72 (6), 22-26. Retrieved September 15, 2009 from Academic Search Premier database. Flannery, M. (2006, April). No girls allowed. NEA Today, 24 (7), 32-33. Retrieved September 17, 2009, from Academic Search Premier database. Hughes, T. (2006-2007). The advantages of single-sex education. National Forum of Educational Administration and Supervision Journal, 23 (2), 11. Retrieved September 16, 2009, from ERIC database. PSD Graphics. "Male and female relationship sign." Drawing. psdgraphics.com 16 June 2009. 19 September 2009. <http://www.psdgraphics.com/tag/psd/page/4/>. Single-sex public education. (2007). State Legislatures, 33 (10), 12. Retrieved September 16, 2009, from Academic Search Premier database Single-sex education spreads. (2008, October 13). USA Today, p. 12a. Retrieved September 17, 2009, from Academic Search Premier database. References Continued.....
Still going.... Cox, D. "Female scientist testing chemicals." Cartoon. wackystock.com 19 September 2009. <http://www.wackystock.com/details/clipart/5558 _female_scientist_testing_chemicals.html> National Curriculum. "Aisha's reflections of single-sex education." Photo. curriculum.qcda.gov.uk 19 September 2009. <http://curriculum.qcda.gov.uk/key-stages-3-and- 4/assessment/nc-in-action/items/english/9/487.aspx>. Panetta, L. "Iraqi children at school." Photo. crs.org 2009. 19 September 2009. <http://gifts.crs.org/self- sufficiency/iraq.cfm>.