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New Geneva Theological Seminary

31. New Geneva Theological Seminary. NT 502 New Testament Survey II Pauline Epistles Week 1. 31. New Testament Survey Pauline Epistles Week 2. 1 st and 2 nd Thessalonians Fundamental Structure of Pauline Thought – Part I. 1 st Thessalonians.

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New Geneva Theological Seminary

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  1. 31

  2. New Geneva Theological Seminary NT 502 New Testament Survey II Pauline Epistles Week 1

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  4. New Testament Survey Pauline EpistlesWeek 2 1st and 2nd Thessalonians Fundamental Structure of Pauline Thought – Part I

  5. 1st Thessalonians Christ’s resurrection assures the resurrection of those who have “fallen asleep.”

  6. Second Missionary JourneyActs 15:39 – 18:22

  7. I Thessalonians • Author • Paul: Name given as author in 1:1 and 2:18 • Paul doesn’t mention apostleship • Due to his special relationship with this church • Perhaps his authority is not in question • Date • In Corinth, Paul brought before the proconsul • Proconsul – Governing official in colony • Inscription at Delphi has Gallio as proconsul in AD 52 • Paul probably wrote this epistle AD 50 - 51

  8. I Thessalonians • Occasion (What precipitated the writing?) • Timothy brought word to Paul about the church at Thessalonica (3:6): • That the church was loyal to the Word • That the church was anxious for Paul’s return • The letter also addresses some concerns: • A question concerning the dead • Items relating to the second coming of Christ. • Purpose • To express gratitude – spiritual condition of the congregation • To Defend • To Encourage • To Correct

  9. A Literary Analysis1 Thessalonians 1:1 "Paul and Silvanus and Timothy, to the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace. Salutation 1:2 - 10 Opening Message 2:1-6 1st Main Section 2:17 - 3:13 2nd Main Section 4:1-12 Body Of Letter 3rd Main Section 4:13 - 5:11 4th Main Section 5:12 - 24 5th Main Section 5:25 - 28 Closing

  10. I Thessalonians - Outline • To Encourage the Thessalonians • 1:1-10 – Response to the Gospel • 2:1-12 – Exhortation of the Gospel • 2:13-16 – Response to the Gospel • To Explain to the Thessalonians • 2:17-3:13 – Sufferings and Testing • To Exhort the Thessalonians • 4:1-5:22 – Instructions • Purity, love, discipline, the dead, second coming, etc.

  11. A Graphic Analysis1st Thessalonians

  12. 2nd Thessalonians The Lord will return to punish wickedness, but until then do not be idle.

  13. II Thessalonians • Author • Paul – Name given as author in 1:1 and 3:17. • Some negative critics think II Thessalonians is a forgery • Change in eschatology • Change in tone • Change in Audience • Date • Probably written a few months after I Thessalonians. • From Corinth (51 a.d.) • This is the only place where Paul is known to have been with Timothy and Silas. • Purpose • To Encourage – growth in faith, love, patience • To Correct – misunderstanding about “day of the Lord” • To Admonish - idleness

  14. II Thessalonians • Occasion • News had reached Paul, since his first letter, regarding two matters: • Persecution (1:4-5) • Doctrinal Themes • God’s calling; faith, hope and love; Jesus’ death, resurrection & second coming; final judgment & deliverance; sanctification; Word of God; God as Father; Jesus as Lord; God gives Holy Spirit, gifts of Spirit, etc.

  15. A Literary Analysis2nd Thessalonians 1:1-2 "Paul and Silvanus and Timothy, to the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. Salutation 1:3-12 Opening Message The Person 2:1-12 1st Main Section Their Position 2:13-15 2nd Main Section Body Of Letter 3:1-5 Their Practice 3rd Main Section 3:6-15 Their Posture 4th Main Section Closing

  16. II ThessaloniansAn Outline • 1:1-1:12 – Encouragement in Persecution • Perseverance • 2:1-2:17 – Explanation of the Day of the Lord • Parousia • 3:1-3:18 – Exhortation to the Church • Practice

  17. Graphic Analysis - 2nd Thessalonians

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  19. Fundamental Structure of Paul’s Thought – Part I The Fullness of Time Paul’s Eschatology is “Christ-Eschatology” Christ is “Firstborn” and “Last Adam” In Christ, With Christ The Old Man and The New Man

  20. The Fullness of Time • Paul’s Main Theme • Eschatological time of salvation • Inaugurated with Christ’s advent, death, & resurrection • Sub-themes in concert with main theme • Justification by faith • Victory over flesh through Spirit • Meanings of “fullness of time” • Maturation of framework of redemptive history • Time of world has concluded with Christ’s advent • Fullness has taken effect, but holds a future element

  21. Fulfillment is not Temporary • New has come • Time of salvation • Re-creation • In Christ • Old has passed away • Unredeemed world • Old creation • Out of Christ II Corinthians 5:17: “Therefore if any man is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old things passed away; behold, new things have come.”

  22. Harmonious Theology • Jesus • Kingdom of Heaven is at hand • Matthew 13:11, 16, 17 and Mark 1:15 • Paul • Fullness of Time, Revelation of the Mystery • Gal. 4:4, Eph. 1:10, Rom. 16:25, 26, I Cor.2:7 • Other Apostles • Israel’s expected salvation came through Jesus • Acts 2:14-36

  23. Paul’s Eschatology is“Christ-eschatology” • The turning point in the times: • The appearing of the Savior – II Timothy 1:9, 10 • The mystery now revealed: • Christ – Colossians 2:2-3 • The Gospel of salvation: • The gospel of Christ Christology – primarily historical-redemptive Eschatology – realized & still-to-be-realized Now and not yet

  24. P r e s e n t E v i l A g e Glorious Age To Come Jesus’ Second Advent Jesus’ First Advent Pauline Eschatology The “Now” and the “Not Yet” Genesis 3

  25. Christology • Christ is fulfillment of God’s redemptive plan • Organic Relationship between . . . • The revelation of the Old Testament and • The historical-eschatological character of Paul’s Christology. • In Christ, a new aeon dawns, He being the Messiah of Israel • Christ is fulfillment of God’s promise to Abraham • Galatians 3:8, 16, 29 • Christ fulfills prophecy as agent of salvation • Rom. 15:8-12 and Rom. 16:26

  26. Eschatology Paul’s eschatology is completelyindependent of Jewish expectation. Fulfillment Expectation Already Not Yet Fullness of time has taken effect Still living in present world Church living in “last times” “Last days” not yet entered In present, believers live godly lives A perfection is yet to be expected

  27. No Definite Eschatological Timetable • “… in Paul a ‘mingling of the two ages’ takes place and that the advent of Christ is to be viewed as the “breaking through of the future aeon in the present.” Schlier • “Paul was not ‘a theologian who thought in terms of the aeons,’ but a preacher of Jesus Christ, who has come and is yet to come.”Schoeps

  28. Primacy of Death and Resurrection • The Center of Paul’s Gospel: • Christ’s Death and Resurrection (1 Cor. 15:3,4) • Retrospectively to this Gospel: • Christ’s Pre-existence and Incarnation • Prospectively to this Gospel: • Christ’s Exaltation and Parousia • Death and Resurrection - Begin a New Aeon • Firstborn – in rank of dignity (Rom. 8:29) • First-fruits – harvest; commencement of new world • Beginning – inauguration of a new way (Col. 1:18)

  29. Christ – The Last Adam

  30. In Christ, With Christ • What Christ did was: • For His people, for us, for our sins, for the ungodly (I Cor. 1:13, 2 Cor 5:21 Gal. 1:4, Rom. 5:6, etc.) • Paul associates “for us” with “in/with Christ” • “In Christ” denotes communion with Christ’s Spirit • Union with Christ is abiding, not temporary • Dying and rising with Christ (I Cor. 15:22) • Not mystical, not an initiation rite

  31. Old Man / New Man • In Adam / In Christ • 2 Aeons, 2 Creations, Entrance to 2 Worlds • Old man • former manner of life • Put off with its desires • New Man • crucified to the flesh (lusts, etc.) • Being renewed in accord with the image of God • Focus not on believer, but on Christ’s work • Believers apply to themselves through faith that which has taken place in Christ. • Faith is not of ourselves, i.e., a gift (Eph 2:8-9)

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