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Credit and Quality Assurance: APEL/RPL and Europe. SEEC Professional Development Event, 23 January 2008, CEPLW, London. Professor Bob Johnson European Council for Business Education, ECBE. Advancing the recognition of prior learning is proving to be a slow and difficult process!.
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Credit and Quality Assurance: APEL/RPL and Europe SEEC Professional Development Event, 23 January 2008, CEPLW, London Professor Bob Johnson European Council for Business Education, ECBE
Advancing the recognition of prior learning is proving to be a slow and difficult process!
The recognition of prior learning Formal learning Learning that occurs in an organised and structured environment Informal learning Learning resulting from daily activities related to work, family or leisure Non formal learning Learning which is embedded in planned activities not explicitly designated as learning CEDEFOP 2003
The recognition of learning • wherever • however • whenever • whatever
Lifelong Learning ‘all learning activity undertaken throughout life, with the aim of improving knowledge, skills and competence, within a personal, civic, social and/or employment-related perspective’ (European Commission) pre-school to post-retirement, everything in between
Recognising prior learning benefits: • all ages and backgrounds can receive formal recognition for the skills and knowledge they already possess • mature adults and socially excluded minority groups returning to learning • students of all ages who wish to study overseas, broaden their expertise or change careers • students who wish to return to their studies after a learning break • anyone seeking professional qualifications • recognition of learning through work or leisure-related activities
Recognising prior learning benefits for the learner • adds to self esteem • assists personal development • increases job satisfaction • increases career prospects • certificates learning gain • accumulates credits towards an award
Recognition of Prior Learning Legal and Regulatory issues Other issues - qualifications and credits - academic structures - inputs v. outcomes - delivery - contact time v. notional learning time - assessment tools - quality assurance
RPL: Challenges for quality assurance RPL challenges traditional views about education the range of RPL tools, techniques and approaches, including assessment several good practice guidelines - but little known and used Clear national schemes e.g. Finland, France, Ireland, Scotland, Canada and England/Wales/Northern Ireland. QA is embedded in existing processes …….
RPL: Challenges for quality assurance ….. HEIs need to have transparent RPL processes over-complicated APEL systems (most have none!) that are time-consuming/expensive/rarely used many academics are conservative about RPL the shift to learning outcomes is incomplete
Barriers to Credit and Recognition of Prior Learning occur at three levels European National/Regional Institutional
Current Developments Europe meta frameworks Qualifications Frameworks ECTS/ECVETS ENQA National SCQF, France, QAA Regional Consortia SEEC NUCCAT
Bologna and Quality Assurance Enhance quality Quality in HEIs and QA agencies Policies, management and guidance Quality Management Globalisation Building European Higher Education Area Democratisation of Higher education Mutually shared criteria and methodologies Consistent with institutional autonomY Accountability lies with the institution Quality in HEIs and QA agencies within national QA systems
National Quality Assurance Definition of responsibilities Evaluation of programmes/institutions System of accreditation/certification Peer review International co-operation
Higher Education Institutions Enhance quality Internal mechanisms Cornerstone of QA in HE own Quality culture related to own situation and ambition fair information Correlated to external quality assurance Evaluators: independent, transparent and relevant
Higher Education Institutions:Internal Quality Assurance Policies Monitoring and review Assessment of students QA of teaching staff Learning resources & student support Information systems Public information
Overcoming Barriers 1 Europe – Bologna Qualification framework Credit framework Promoting learning outcomes Promoting RPL
Overcoming Barriers 2 National Credit and qualification framework(s) Guidelines on RPL Guidelines on Credit Learning outcomes Level descriptors
Overcoming Barriers 3 Universities Credit-based Curriculum Quality Assurance Flexible Delivery modes/Structures Staff/Faculty Development Awareness, Understanding Expert Management and Recording