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Functional Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Functional Anatomy of Blood Vessels. Pulmonary Circulation. Special Circulations. Right ventricle ↓ Pulmonary trunk ↓ Right and left pulmonary arteries ↓ Lobar arteries (2 left, 3 right) ↓ Arterioles ↓ Pulmonary capillaries ↓ Diffusion ↓ Venules ↓ Veins ↓ Pulmonary veins ↓

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Functional Anatomy of Blood Vessels

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  1. Functional Anatomy of Blood Vessels

  2. Pulmonary Circulation Special Circulations Right ventricle ↓ Pulmonary trunk ↓ Right and left pulmonary arteries ↓ Lobar arteries (2 left, 3 right) ↓ Arterioles ↓ Pulmonary capillaries ↓ Diffusion ↓ Venules ↓ Veins ↓ Pulmonary veins ↓ Left atrium Functional blood supply for the lungs comes from the aorta and through the bronchial arteries.

  3. Fetal Circulation Special Circulations Placenta ↓ Umbilical vein ↓ Ductus venosus ↓ Inferior vena cava ↓ Right atrium ↓ Foramen ovale ↓ Left atrium ↓ Left ventricle ↓ Aorta ↓ Body ↓ Internal iliac arteries ↓ Umbilical arteries ↓ Placenta Liver Right ventricle ↓ Pulmonary trunk ↓ Ductus arteriosus Lower extremities Umbilical cord is made of the umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries. Vein carries nutrients and O2 to fetus. Arteries carry CO2 and wastes from fetus to placenta.

  4. Arterial Supply of the Brain Special Circulation Aortic Arch Brachiocephalic artery Brachiocephalic artery Subclavian artery Common carotid arteries Vertebral arteries Internal carotid arteries Basilar artery Posterior communicating artery Posterior cerebral arteries Middle cerebral artery Anterior cerebral artery Anterior communicating artery

  5. Special Circulation Anterior communicating Anterior cerebral Anterior cerebral Internal carotid Middle cerebral Middle cerebral Posterior communicating Posterior communicating Posterior cerebral Posterior cerebral Basilar Vertebral Arterial Supply of the Brain

  6. Major Systemic Veins • Superior Vena Cava • Inferior Vena Cava

  7. Lower Limb Major Systemic Veins Dorsal venous arch Small saphenous vein Dorsalis pedis vein ↓ Anterior tibial vein ↓ Popliteal vein ↓ Femoral vein ↓ External iliac vein ↓ Common iliac vein ↓ Inferior vena cava Great saphenous vein Plantar Arch ↓ plantar veins ↓ Posterior tibial vein Fibular (peroneal) vein

  8. BLOOD VESSELS

  9. BLOOD VESSELS Arterioles Veinules

  10. Tunica Media Tunica Intima Tunica Adventitia COMPARISON OF ARTERIES, CAPILLARIES, & VEINS Arteries & Arterioles Capillaries Veinules & Veins (Blood)

  11. CAPILLARY BEDS

  12. BLOOD PRESSURE

  13. VENOUS PUMP

  14. VENOUS PUMP 1. Valves - formed from folds of tunica intima prevent backflow of blood in veinules & veins. 2. Function like semilunar valves forcing blood to flow against gravity toward the heart.

  15. VENOUS PUMP 3. Skeletal muscles pressing against walls of veins provide force to move blood from one valve through the next toward the heart. 4. Skeletal muscles pressing against walls of veins provide force to move blood from one valve through the next toward the heart.

  16. VARICOSE VEINS 1. Veins that are stretched, dilated & overfilled with blood due to incompetent valves 2. Contributing causes: Weak valves or veins - (heredity) Excessive weight Excessive standing, straining Inadequate exercise Increased intra-pelvic pressure - pregnancy, constipation

  17. VARICOSE VEINS

  18. MAJOR ARTERIES OF THE BODY

  19. Brachiocephalic Aortic Arch Ascending Aorta Thoracic Aorta Abdominal Aorta

  20. Celiac

  21. External Iliac Internal Iliac Femoral Popliteal (behind knee) Anterior Tibial Posterior Tibial (behind Tibia) ARTERIES OF THE LEG

  22. ARTERIES OF THE HEAD & NECK

  23. Lower Limb • Dorsal venous arch • Great saphenous • Femoral • External iliac • Common iliac • Inferior vena cava Major Systemic Veins • Plantar arch • Plantar veins • Posterior tibial • Fibular • Anterior tibial • Popliteal • Femoral • External iliac • Common iliac • Inferior vena cava • Dorsal venous arch • Great saphenous • Small saphenous • Dorsalis pedis • Anterior tibial • Popliteal • Femoral • External iliac • Common iliac • Inferior vena cava • Dorsal venous arch • Small saphenous • Popliteal • Femoral • External iliac • Common iliac • Inferior vena cava

  24. Abdomen INFERIORVENACAVA Major Systemic Veins Hepatic veins Hepatic veins Left suprarenal vein Right suprarenal vein Renal vein Left gonadal vein Right gonadal vein Lumbar veins Lumbar veins

  25. Occipital vein ↓ Posterior arcuate vein ↓ External jugular vein ↓ Facial Superficial temporal vein Vertebral ↓ Internal jugular vein Subclavian vein Brachiocephalic vein ↓ Superior vena cava Head and Neck Major Systemic Veins

  26. Head and Neck Major Systemic Veins • Facial vein • Superficial temporal vein • Internal jugular vein • Brachiocephalic vein • Superior vena cava • Occipital vein • Posterior arcuate vein • External jugular vein • Subclavian vein • Brachiocephalic vein • Superior vena cava • Vertebral vein • Subclavian vein • Brachiocephalic vein • Superior vena cava

  27. Upper Limb Major Systemic Veins Median antibrachial vein Ulnar vein Radial vein Basilic vein Brachial vein Cephalic Axillary ↓ Subclavian ↓ Brachiocephalic ↓ Superior vena cava Median cubital vein

  28. Upper Limb Major Systemic Veins • Basilic vein • Brachial vein • Axillary vein • Subclavian vein • Brachiocephalic vein • Superior vena cava • Ulnar vein • Radial vein • Brachial vein • Axillary vein • Subclavian vein • Brachiocephalic vein • Superior vena cava • Cephalic vein • Axillary vein • Subclavian vein • Brachiocephalic vein • Superior vena cava

  29. Thorax Major Systemic Veins Azygos System Posterior intercostal veins ↓ Ascending lumbar vein Accessory hemiazygos veins Hemiazygos vein Azygos vein Superior vena cava

  30. Thorax Azygos System Major Systemic Veins • Posterior intercostal veins • Ascending lumbar vein • Accessory hemiazygos veins • Azygos vein • Superior vena cava • Posterior intercostal veins • Ascending lumbar veins • Hemiazygos vein • Azygos vein • Superior vena cava

  31. Hepatic Portal System Major Systemic Veins Veins from distal large intestine ↓ Inferior mesenteric vein Veins from spleen ↓ Splenic vein Veins from small intestine, ascending and transverse colon ↓ Superior mesenteric vein Veins from digestive viscera, spleen, & pancreas ↓ Hepatic Portal vein ↓ Liver ↓ Hepatic veins ↓ Inferior vena cava Veins from lesser curvature of stomach ↓ Left gastric vein

  32. Hepatic Portal System Major Systemic Veins • Veins from small intestine, ascending and transverse colon • Superior mesenteric vein • Veins from digestive viscera, spleen and pancreas • Hepatic portal vein • Liver • Hepatic veins • Inferior vena cava • Veins from distal large intestine • Inferior mesenteric vein • Veins from digestive viscera, spleen and pancreas • Hepatic portal vein • Liver • Hepatic veins • Inferior vena cava • Veins from spleen • Splenic vein • Veins from digestive viscera, spleen and pancreas • Hepatic portal vein • Liver • Hepatic veins • Inferior vena cava • Veins from lesser curvature of stomach • Left gastric vein • Liver • Hepatic veins • Inferior vena cava

  33. Hepatic Portal System Major Systemic Veins

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