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Flow, Vf, increases angle of attack, Ah. Lift tilted toward the horizontal speed, S*r, propelling the hydrofoil. Pressure increase, dP, in opposite direction from lift. Torque produced, dT, propulsive (if lift overcomes drag). dL. Af. dP. dD. Ah. Ai. Vh. Vf. Af. dT. S*r.
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Flow, Vf, increases angle of attack, Ah. Lift tilted toward the horizontal speed, S*r, propelling the hydrofoil. Pressure increase, dP, in opposite direction from lift. Torque produced, dT, propulsive (if lift overcomes drag). dL Af dP dD Ah Ai Vh Vf Af dT S*r Water Propeller Hydrodynamic Geometry ---Turbine Mode Flow, Vf, decreases angle of attack, Ah. Lift tilted away from the horizontal speed, S*r, retarding the hydrofoil. Pressure increase, dP, in opposite direction from lift. Torque produced, dT, consumptive requiring application of power. dT Vh Vf Af dD S*r Ah dP Ai dL Af Water Propeller Hydrodynamic Geometry ---Pump Mode
y Bounding Zonelines dL xN-1 dL Xa=xo Typical x-sweep Xb (x,y) x
y Bounding Zonelines yMAX xN-1 dL (x,y) yN-1 Xa=xo dL Xb End-of-y sweep x