All Quiet on the Western Front

1. All Quiet on the Western Front Hannah Fleming Kayla Probeyahn Pierce McCaull Lee Morton James Tolley

2. What is phantom pain or sensation? Phantom limb sensation is the feeling that the missing limb is still there. Although usually not painful, you may feel uncomfortable sensations such as burning, tingling and itching. Some amputees seek medical help for the phantom pain. Causes of phantom pain may be due to one or more of the following: changes in nerve circuitry, pain before amputation, blood clotting and/or neuroma. • You also may find that certain circumstances seem to trigger an episode of phantom pain, such as: • Use of your artificial limb (prosthesis) • Weather changes • Pressure on the remaining part of the limb • Emotional stress • Fatigue Hannah Fleming

3. What to DO if you inhale chlorine gas: Chlorine gas is a poisonous gas and if you inhale it, it can do a variety of different things depending on where it was released and the concentration. Chlorine gas when inhaled will destroy your lungs and reacts with water to create hydrochloric acid which can do more damage. Chlorine gas was used in World War I but most soldiers exposed didn’t die from the Chlorine gas but more from the explosions of bombs made from it. Home Care Seek immediate medical help. Do NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional. If the chemical is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes. If the chemical was swallowed, immediately give the person water or milk, unless instructed otherwise by a health care provider. Do NOT give water or milk if the patient is having symptoms (such as vomiting, convulsions, or a decreased level of alertness) that make it hard to swallow. If the person breathed in the poison, immediately move him or her to fresh air. Hannah Fleming

4. Gas mask to avoid inhaling the poisonous mustard and chlorine gas Kayla Probeyahn

5. Memoir of a German gas attack Utterly unprepared for what was to come, the [French] divisions gazed for a short while spellbound at the strange phenomenon they saw coming slowly toward them. Like some liquid the heavy-coloured vapour poured relentlessly into the trenches, filled them, and passed on. For a few seconds nothing happened; the sweet-smelling stuff merely tickled their nostrils; they failed to realize the danger.  Then, with inconceivable rapidity, the gas worked, and blind panic spread. Hundreds, after a dreadful fight for air, became unconscious and died where they lay - a death of hideous torture, with the frothing bubbles gurgling in their throats and the foul liquid welling up in their lungs.  With blackened faces and twisted limbs one by one they drowned - only that which drowned them came from inside and not from out. Others, staggering, falling, lurching on, and of their ignorance keeping pace with the gas, went back. A hail of rifle fire and shrapnel mowed them down, and the line was broken.  There was nothing on the British left - their flank was up in the air.  The northeast corner of the salient around Ypres had been pierced.  From in front of St. Julien away up north toward Boesinghe there was no one in front of the Germans. Kayla Probeyahn

6. "When they hear a shell burst near them they cringe up to you just as though they were asking your protection. But they're always ready to make an honest try when stuck while a mule will quit dead especially in muddy ground. It's disgusting in a spot that is in the habit of being shelled. That night when we were unloading, but just back a few yards a big six inch howitzer was pouring forth its vials of wrath over our heads into the midnight and I hope into some Hieney abode. As each gun vomits out its mouthful the air waves from the percussion would slap you on the face like the flat of a paddle, and all the other guns of various sizes added their quota of barks and spits and woofs to the general uproar until you could not hear a person shouting in your ear. There as we unloaded and unwound our way back homeward through the winding valleys we were gradually shut off from the hellish uproar until finally the silence of the transition seemed audible in its intensity. Suddenly the moon's last quarter (sad) appeared over the scraggy hill tops flooding the little valley with purple light and weird shadows." Kayla Probeyahn

7. Bombing Parties Chemicals to make a grenade include: Antimony sulfide Mercury metal Silver nitrate Sulfuric acid In fact both of these weapons were to be used chiefly to defend the grenadiers: those men tasked with the bombing of trenches and positions using grenades of various types.  Bombing parties grew in number and frequency as the war progressed and formed a major component of any infantry attack by the war's close (although US forces used them less, chiefly on account of supply shortages). As an attack or raid reached an enemy trench the grenadiers would be responsible for racing down the trench and throwing grenades into each dugout they passed: this invariably succeeded in purging dugouts of their human occupants in an attempt at surrender (often not accepted as they were promptly shot or stabbed). Within a year Britain was producing up to half a million hand grenades each week (with an average of 250,000). Hannah Fleming

8. During World War 1, Germany, along with many other countries, were experimenting with different aspects of aviation. The zeppelins carried bombs and incendiary material that were dropped on Great Britain key supply lines/ cities. There was a total of 52 zeppelin raids from Germany in World War 1 Experimental Zeppelins L4 Zeppelin James Tolley

9. German soldiers crowd around a dead British pilot lying next to his plane, which crashed behind German lines during World War I. Aviation in World War 1 Downed WWI Plane James Tolley

10. He was also known as the “Red Baron” Richthofen held an astonishing 80 confirmed kills throughout the war and over 100 unconfirmed victories. Most famous WWI flying He was often feared whenever allies saw his distinctive Red plane. Manfred Von Richthofen Signature of Richthofen James Tolley

11. WWI Poem • Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) "Anthem for a Doomed Youth" • What passing-bells for these who die as cattle?--Only the monstrous anger of the guns. Only the stuttering rifles' rapid rattleCan patter out their hasty orisons.No mockeries for them from prayers or bells, Nor any voice of mourning save the choirs,-The shrill, demented choirs of wailing shells; And bugles calling for them from sad shires.What candles may be held to speed them all? Not in the hands of boys, but in their eyesShall shine the holy glimmers of goodbyes. The pallor of girls' brows shall be their pall;Their flowers the tenderness of silent minds,And each slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds. Lee Morton

12. Model of an Artillery Shell Lee Morton

13. German Tactic Map This is a map of planned tactics that show the way each opposing side attacked each other. This is also a map of planned routes in which they would travel in order to quickly get to their destination and effectively confuse there enemies. Pierce McCaull

14. War Tactics • At the beginning of the 20th century most military commanders placed a great deal of emphasis on using the infantry for massed bayonet charges supported by the cavalry and mobile field artillery. Leaders of the French Army were particularly keen on this approach and favoured sending its infantry into action without equipment for entrenchment. Their commanders argued that defensive precautions were unnecessary as repeated waves of massed assault, delivered with sufficient speed and aggression, could not fail. Infantry tactics had to be reassessed after armies suffered heavy casualties during attacks against machine-guns. The French infantry were forced to retreat during the invasion of Lorraine and the Germans experienced heavy losses when storming the fortress at Liege during August 1914. Despite the support of Preliminary Bombardment, Chlorine Gas and Flame-Throwers, the infantry failed to achieve a breakthrough on the Western Front during 1915. The following year, new tactics such as Creeping Barrage and tank attacks, also failed to breakdown entrenched defences. The same was also true of the infiltration tactics tried by the Germans in 1917.It was only at Amiens in 1918, when Colonel John Fuller managed to persuade General Henry Rawlinson to use 412 tanks followed by soldiers and supported by over 1,000 combat aircraft that the Allies managed to breakthrough the German frontline on the Western Front Pierce McCaull

15. The First World War that began in 1914 to 1918, this war is one of the most deadly wars to come today. Many of the deaths were a result of rifles and artillery shells; however gas, tanks and aviation also resulted in death. This also shows weather the victim died on the field and in the hospital. Pierce McCaull

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