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Multicast Address Discovery Protocol

Multicast Address Discovery Protocol. IETF Vancouver – Oct 2005. Problem. Enterprise Networks wish to deploy Scoped Zones. Allows them to limit the scope of applications. Examples: Norton Ghost, Altiris Many applications use “fixed” addresses.

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Multicast Address Discovery Protocol

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  1. Multicast AddressDiscovery Protocol IETF Vancouver – Oct 2005

  2. Problem • Enterprise Networks wish to deploy Scoped Zones. • Allows them to limit the scope of applications. • Examples: Norton Ghost, Altiris • Many applications use “fixed” addresses. • Often due to need for (near) zero-configuration operation. • Some haven’t even bothered to register with IANA!! • Address Assignment by “Atmospheric Extraction”. • Scope range maintenance becomes complex • Must make exceptions for these “rogue” applications. • More and more such applications popping up. • Need a way to achieve (near) zero-configuration and yet give network admin control of addresses used by apps.

  3. RFC 2365 – Administratively Scoped Zones 239.0.0.0 RFC 2365 Org.-LocalExpansion • Defines only 2 Well-Known Scopes • Organization-Local Scope (239.192/14) • Largest scope within the Enterprise network. • Local Scope (239.255/16) • Smallest possible scope within the Enterprise network. • Other scopes may be equal to but not smaller in scope. • Both scopes have expansion space below their range. 239.192.0.0 RFC 2365 Org-Local Scope 239.196.0.0 Unassigned 239.255.253.0 RFC 2365 Local ScopeExpansion 239.255.0.0 RFC 2365 Local Scope 239.255.255.255 (Not to scale.)

  4. Scope Relative Addresses – RFC 2365 Top 256 Addresses of every Admin. Scope Range.

  5. Scope Relative – Local Scope 239.0.0.0 239.255.0.0 Local Scope 239.254.255.255 239.255.255.0 Local Scope Scope Relative 239.255.255.255 (Not to scale.)

  6. Scope Relative – Org-Local Scope 239.0.0.0 239.192.0.0 Org-Local Scope 239.195.254.255 239.195.255.0 Org-Local Scope Relative 239.195.255.255 (Not to scale.)

  7. Administratively-Scoped Zone Example • ACME Enterprises: • Three levels of internal scopes • Campus Scope • Region Scope • Org-Local Scope • aka Enterprise-Wide Scope • One external scope • Global scope • i.e. everything else (Internet)

  8. Australia North America ASIAPAC China Canada East Coast US India Japan West Coast US Core North Region EMEA Eastern Region Internet South Region ACME’s Scoped Zones

  9. Australia North America ASIAPAC China Canada East Coast US India Japan West Coast US Core North Region EMEA Eastern Region Internet South Region ACME’s Scoped Zones Campus Scope • Campus Scope: 239.190.x.x/16

  10. RP RP RP ACME’s Scoped Zones Regional Scope Australia North America ASIAPAC China Canada East Coast US India Japan West Coast US Core North Region EMEA Eastern Region Internet South Region • Regional Scope : 239.191.x.x/16

  11. ACME’s Scoped Zones Enterprise Scope Australia North America ASIAPAC China Canada East Coast US India Japan West Coast US Core North Region EMEA Eastern Region Internet South Region • Enterprise Scope: 239.192.x.x/14 • i.e. Org-Local Scope

  12. ACME’s Scoped Zones Global (Internet) Scope Australia North America ASIAPAC China Canada East Coast US India Japan West Coast US Core North Region EMEA Eastern Region Internet South Region • Global Scope: 224.0.1.x – 238.255.255.255

  13. ACME’s Address Assignments 239.0.0.0 • Enterprise scope = RFC 2365 Org-Local • Keep Local scope separate. • Avoids moving applications when smaller scopes are added later. • Lots of other ways to assign this space. 239.190.0.0 Campus Scope (/16) 239.191.0.0 Region Scope (/16) 239.192.0.0 Enterprise Scope (/14) RFC 2365Organization-Local Scope 239.196.0.0 239.255.0.0 RFC 2365 Local Scope 239.255.255.255

  14. Solution • Multicast Address Discovery Protocol • Very light-weight • Assumes no support infrastructure other than: • IP Multicast • RFC 2365 Administratively Scoped Zones • Well-Known Scopes (Local & Org. Local Scopes) • Scope Relative Addresses • Runs entirely in Application Clients and Servers

  15. MADP Basics • Uses a single Scope Relative Address • Clients send Queries on this address • Request info on what multicast address(es)application “X” is using. • Initial Queries sent in the Local Scope. • If no response, then queries the Org-Local Scope. • Servers listen on these addresses. • When a Request is received, they check to see if they are the Server for application “X”. • If so, they send a Response containing multicast address information. • Address information was preconfigured by network admin.

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