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IP Multicast Routing Protocol

IP Multicast Routing Protocol. Prepared by: Moxa NET TS Date: dd -mm- yyyy. Agenda. IP Multicast Review IP Multicast Routing- PIM-DM PIM-DM in MOXA Switch. IP Multicast Review. IP Multicast. Send IP data to Multiple user Reduce network bandwidth requirement IP Multicast address

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IP Multicast Routing Protocol

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  1. IP Multicast Routing Protocol Prepared by: Moxa NET TS Date: dd-mm-yyyy

  2. Agenda • IP Multicast Review • IP Multicast Routing- PIM-DM • PIM-DM in MOXA Switch Confidential

  3. IP Multicast Review Confidential

  4. IP Multicast • Send IP data to Multiple user • Reduce network bandwidth requirement • IP Multicast address • 224.0.0.0 <-> 239.255.255.255 • 224.0.0.x are reserved for protocol control • L2 Multicast MAC address • 01-00-5e-00-00-00 <-> 01-00-5e-7f-ff-ff Confidential Confidential

  5. Multicast address mapping IP Address: 32 bits 1110 5 bits unused 23 bits Mapping Directly Fixed 0 01 – 00 – 5e 23 bits MAC address: 48 bits • 32 IP multicast addresses will be overlapped to a MAC multicast address Confidential

  6. Multicast address mapping • Each MAC represent 32 IP multicast address • 224.0.0.X used for protocol exchange data • Never use IP multicast address • X.0.0.X • X.128.0.X 224.0.0.1 & 224.128.0.1 225.0.0.1 & 225.128.0.1 … 239.0.0.1 & 239.128.0.1 01-00-5e-00-00-01 Confidential

  7. IGMP • IGMP is defined in RFC 1112. • Router and Hosts communication protocol • Used between Router and Host to establish multicast group memberships • IGMP version 1 , 2 & 3 Confidential

  8. IP multicast within one subnet Join 224.2.2.2 • Router works as Querier • Router forward the registered multicast stream 224.1.1.1 Query 224.2.2.2 Join 224.1.1.1 Confidential

  9. IGMP Operation- IGMP v1 report Query 224.0.0.1 • Host send the Join report to request multicast traffic • Router periodically sends query to Host • Host reply IGMP report for required IP Multicast Confidential Confidential Confidential

  10. IGMP Operation- IGMP v2 report Leave Query • Host doesn’t need the multicast stream • Host sends Leave message to Router • Router will send specified query after receive leave Confidential Confidential Confidential

  11. IGMP Operation- IGMP v3 report Join 239.1.1.1 @ 192.168.127.102 IP: 192.168.127.102 Multicast: 239.1.1.1 IP: 192.168.127.101 Multicast: 239.1.1.1 • Host can send Source specify join report Confidential Confidential Confidential

  12. IP Multicast RoutingPIM-DM Confidential

  13. IP Multicast over subnets Subnet C Subnet B Subnet A IGMP Video Server Host Multicast stream Multicast over subnets require Multicast Routing protocol - No IP Multicast Routing - Router filter multicast stream Multicast stream Confidential

  14. Multicast Routing Protocol Multicast Routing protocol Multicast Router Multicast Router • Multicast routing protocol • Router to router communication • PIM-DM • PIM-SM • DVMRP • ... Confidential

  15. Multicast Routing Protocol • PIM-DM • Protocol Independent Multicast Routing- Dense Mode • Flood-Prune behavior • Flood multicast stream to PIM DM neighbors • Prune unwanted multicast stream • RPF Check • Prevent duplicated multicast stream from different interface • Graft • Request multicast stream after prune Confidential

  16. PIM-DM Neighbor discover Routers exchange Hello packet to discovery neighbor PIM-DM router Non PIM-DM Confidential

  17. Neighbor Discovery Hello packet 224.0.0.13 Hello packet 224.0.0.13 Exchange Hello packet to discover neighbor PIM-DM router Confidential

  18. SPT (Shortest Path Tree) Building 230.1.1.1 Flood this packet • RFP Check • Create (S,G) • S= Source Address • G= Multicast group • Flood multicast stream to all • downstream route 230.1.1.1 Confidential

  19. RPF Check A To prevent receiving the same multicast packet from multiple interface 2. Receive multicast from correct interface regard to the routing table B C Routing table of Router A Confidential

  20. PIM-DM Initial Flood Routers flood the multicast stream at the beginning Confidential

  21. PIM-DM Prune & Graft Prune No multicast request Prune Prune Graft Request multicast after Prune Confidential

  22. PIM-DM Assert Assert Join 1.Send Assert messages 2. The Small metric (Administrator Distance) will win 3. If metric value is the same. The highestIP address wins. Decide who should forward the stream Confidential Confidential

  23. PIM-DM in Moxa Switch Confidential

  24. PIM-DM in Moxa Switch 192.168.2.x 192.168.3.x 192.168.4.x VLAN3 192.168.3.254 VLAN4 192.168.4.253 VLAN2 192.168.2.254 IP= 192.168.3.36/24 GW= 192.168.3.254 VLAN2 192.168.2.253 IP= 192.168.4.16/24 GW= 192.168.4.253 Confidential

  25. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch • Create VLAN

  26. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch • Enable IGMP Snooping in each VLAN

  27. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch • Assign Interface IP address

  28. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch • Enable Routing protocol • E.g. Static Route, RIP, or OSPF

  29. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch • Enable PIM-DM in each Interface Enable globally Enable in each VLAN

  30. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch • Check the Neighbor Table • Show the neighbor PIM-DM router

  31. PIM-DM in MOXA Switch Total PIM-DM Entry: 4K Total IGMP Entry: 4K

  32. Q & A

  33. Q & A

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