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SHOT

SHOT. The Most Essential Element in the language of Film. SHOT =. the photographed image. RULE OF SHOTS. How a subject is photographed effects how an audience sees and reacts to the subject. It is the Director who decides how a subject is photographed.

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SHOT

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  1. SHOT The Most Essential Element in the language of Film

  2. SHOT = • the photographed image

  3. RULE OF SHOTS • How a subject is photographed effects how an audience sees and reacts to the subject. • It is the Director who decides how a subject is photographed. • The Director, working with the cameraman designs the shot. .

  4. FOUR COMPONENTS OF A SHOT • 1) DISTANCE • 2) ANGLE • 3) MOVEMENT • 4) TIME (duration)

  5. One: Distance • Distance of camera from subject • ELS • LS • MS • CS • ECS

  6. Extreme Long Shot (ELS)

  7. EXTREME LONG SHOT (ELS) • Used primarily forexposition- establishment of setting, situation, etc. • Note: AnELSgenerally captures the entire, broad environment. Usually depicts the outdoors and spectacle. Most frequently used as an Exterior Shot (EXT).

  8. Long Shot (LS)

  9. LONG SHOT (LS) • Used primarily forexpositionand sometimes for theNarrative Hook – establishment of conflict. • Notes: ALS can also used for two person action scenes. Very versatile shot – used a variety of ways- in theRising Action(complications to the story). Can be either EXT or Interior Shot (INT). • General Rule:when photographing people, aLScaptures the subjects from head to foot.

  10. Medium Shot (MS)

  11. MEDIUM SHOT (MS) • Used primarily forNarrative HookandRising Action. • Very Versatile and frequently used • Captures specific character driven information. • General Rule: When photographing people, anMScaptures subject from the waist up. .

  12. CLOSE SHOT (CS)

  13. CLOSE SHOT (CS or CU) • (also calledCLOSE-UP): Used primarily for reaction shots, dialogues, monologues, moments of personal revelation. • Notes: Actors love the close-up. Allows for audience access into character’s inner being. • Reveals specific information. • The subject’s eyes become the main focus. Along with the MS, the CS is the most common shot used in Television. • General Rule: When photographing people, aCScaptures the subject from the shoulders up.

  14. EXTREME CLOSE SHOT (ECS)

  15. EXTREME CLOSE SHOT (ECS or ECU) • EXTREME CLOSE UP):(ECSorECU) Reveals VERY SPECIFIC information (emotional, etc.) • Notes: Used sparingly. Extreme audience access to the subject. Allows revelation of innermost thoughts and inner monologues. • General Rule: When photographing people, anECSis anything from the neck up and closer.

  16. A BASIC GUIDELINE • A sequence (a series of shots) in film generally progresses from: • ELS • LS • MS • CS • ECS

  17. Two: Angle • camera’s relationship to subject • A) Eye-level • B) Low angle • C) High angle • D) Dutch Angle

  18. A) Eye Level Angle (ELA) - Objective or fact based angle. Reveals no specific bias or comment about subject • Most commonly employed Angle MS, ELA Shot

  19. SUBJECTIVE ANGLES • Angles reveal the director’s bias about a subject • These angles psychologically affect how the audience views the subject.

  20. Low Angle (LA) • increases a subject’s size and importance Camera Placed beneath subject, looking up Also sometimes called “The Hero Angle” MS, LA Shot MS, LA Shot

  21. High Angle (HA) LS, HA Shot • (also called “God’s Eye, or Bird’s Eye) • Decreases a subject’s size and importance. • Camera Placed ABOVE subject

  22. Dutch Angle (DA) LS, DA Shot • Skews or exaggerates a subject’s importance • Can create a disorienting and exaggerated effect • Often combined with the other angles

  23. Three: Movement • Camera’s movement when photographing subject • Moving camera createskinesis(action)- often capturing it or creating it.

  24. Camera Movement • A)STATIONARY– camera doesn’t move. Kinesis occurs within frame • B)ZOOM– camera lens zooms in and out of close-up. • C)TILT – camera tilts on tripod either up or down subject. • D)PAN– camera stays on tripod and moves with subject.

  25. Camera Movement • E)TRACK(also called “crab”) – camera moves on a track past or with subject • F)TRUCK– camera placed on a hand-cart or other vehicle to follow subject. • G)CRANE– camera placed on a crane, allowing sweeping changes in perspectives • H)HAND-HELD – camera held by operator

  26. Four: Time • Duration/length of moving image (Shot) before replaced by another shot • Replacing one shot with another is called aCUT

  27. MS, HA, Stationary 15 Seconds

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