9/24 Pick up - notes, whiteboard All lab make-ups during Enrichment TODAY!

1. 9/24 • Pick up • -notes, whiteboard • All lab make-ups during Enrichment TODAY! • REMINDER: Test Tomorrow!! 

2. HOMEOSTASIS AND THE CELL MEMBRANE

3. Function of the Cell Membrane: REVIEW • Cell membrane separates the components of a cell from its environment—surrounds the cell • “Gatekeeper” of the cell—regulates the flow of materials into and out of cell—selectively permeable • Cell membrane helps cells maintain homeostasis—stable internal balance

4. Transportation through the Cell Membrane— small molecules such as H2O, CO2 and O2 move easily through the lipid bilayer – larger molecules require different mechanism A. Passive transport – NO energy required Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion

5. 1. Diffusion -- movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration a. example:dye (ex: food coloring) in water dye diffuses down concentration gradient until equilibrium reached concentration gradient = difference in concentration of a substance http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/transport/diffusion.swf

6. Talk amongst yourselves…. • Take 1 min. to come up with as many real world examples of diffusion!!!!!!!!!!!!

7. b. example:blood vessel in lung tissue during respiration Blood LungBlood Lung X XO OXOXO X XO OOXO X X XO OXOXO CO2O2CO2 and O2 highhigh equalized

10. c. example: sugar dissolved in water solution – sugar water solvent – water (dissolving substance) solute – sugar (substance being dissolved) solute (sugar cube) solution solvent (H2O)

11. 2. Osmosis -- diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane permeable to H2O impermeable to salt Water Salt salt water tap water Low Salt Concentration High Salt Concentration High Water Concentration Low Water Concentration = Hypotonic = Hypertonic http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/transport/osmosis.swf

12. Which beaker contains more water? 30% solvent 70% solvent A B 30% solute 70% solute Salty Sea Water Distilled Water

13. a. hypertonic solution – high in solutes, low in solvent hypotonic solution – low in solutes, high in solvent isotonic solution – equilibrium has been reached

14. Ex: cell in salt water water moves into cell water moves in and out of cell water moves out of cell

15. 9/26 • Turn in Cell City to Alpha Sorter: STAPLE RUBRIC TO FRONT! • Get out Egg Lab – 10 min. to complete • Get out Cell Transport Notes Packet

16. Let’s Practice: • Which side of the membrane contains more water? INSIDE OR OUTSIDE • A SOLUTION = SOLUTE +SOLVENT • SOLUTE + SOLVENT = MUST EQUAL 100% 27% Solute 25% Solute 65% Salt A B 27% Salt 12% Sugar 2% Sugar C 27% Potassium Nitrate D .05% Potassium Nitrate

17. Let’s Practice: • Which direction will water flow? IN OR OUT OUT IN A 27% Solute 25% Solute 65% Salt B 27% Salt IN 12% Sugar 2% Sugar OUT 27% Potassium Nitrate C D .05% Potassium Nitrate

18. Let’s Practice: • Which side of the membrane contains a hypertonic and hypotonic solution? INSIDE OR OUTSIDE 27% Solute 25% Solute 65% Salt 27% Salt A B 12% Sugar 2% Sugar C 27% Potassium Nitrate .05% Potassium Nitrate D

19. 9/27 • Turn in your Cell Membrane W.S. to Alpha Sorter • Get out Egg Lab • Get out Notes- Homeostasis/Cell membrane • Happy Friday!

20. SALT SUCKS!! cytolysis Red Blood Cell plasmolysis Plant Cell

21. b. example problem: A cell that is 80% H2O and 20% other is put into water that is 99% H2O and 1% other. 99% H2O 1% other 80% H2O 20% other Which way will the water move? Into cell Which is the hypotonic solution? Outside cell Which is the hypertonic solution? Inside cell c. cell bursts – cytolysis cell shrinks – plasmolysis (lysis = splitting)

22. Think about it: What is the big difference between diffusion and osmosis? Can you remember an example of each?

23. 3. Facilitated diffusion –most molecules move across the membrane with help from protein channels-- provides a larger opening for organic molecules to go through

24. outside of cell protein channel protein pump inside of cell a. example: glucose (food molecules) Glucose molecules (high concentration) --------------------------------NO ENERGY REQUIRED--------------------------

26. Click

27. --------------------------------ENERGY REQUIRED------------------------------- B. Active transport – energy required in form of ATP 1. Some proteins act like pumps moving molecules from LOW to HIGH concentration.

28. a. example: vitamins and minerals in soil concentrated into plants = calcium ions Outside cell Inside cell

30. 9/30 • GET OUT NOTES FROM FRIDAY! • Put all books and binders under JV Volleyball Bulletin. • Reminder: last day for test corrections – Tomorrow before school (6:50) and during enrichment. • TRANSPORT QUIZ – WEDNESDAY! • If you brought goggle money, bring to desk

31. Carbon dioxide molecules b. example: Body cells must pump CO2 out into the surrounding blood vessels to be carried to the lungs for exhale. Blood vessels are high in CO2 compared to the cells, so energy is required to move the CO2 across the cell membrane from LOW to HIGHconcentration outside of cell Protein pump inside of cell

32. 2. Endocytosis/ Exocytosis – how very large molecules (food and waste) get into and out of cell a. Endocytosis – into cell 1. Phagocytosis – solids example: white blood cell engulfing bacteria to destroy it (immune reaction) http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/cellstructures/phagocitosis.swf

33. 2. Pinocytosis – liquids example: water into cell

34. b. Exocytosis – out of cell example: cellular waste

35. Exocytosis http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/biology1111/animations/active1.swf

36. II. Flow Chart A. Homeostasis – maintaining constant internal conditions B. Cell membrane constantly working on maintaining homeostasis within the cell ENERGY NEEDED: low to high conc. Active Transport Endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis) Exocytosis NO ENERGY NEEDED: high to low conc. Passive Transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion (protein channels)

37. http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.htmlhttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html

38. 10/1 • GET OUT HW: TICKET IN! Bring to me for a stamp if completed! • Pick up Iodine Diffusion Demo worksheet • Last time for test corrections – Enrichment • Extra credit due today! • Reminder quiz tomorrow!!!