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The Hydrologic Cycle

The Hydrologic Cycle. CTDEP 2010. Precipitation. In the form of rain, sleet, snow, fog or hail Precipitation intensity depends on storm type Measured in height/time i.e.: inches/day Return Period : estimate of time between storms of a given intensity. (Miller et al 2002).

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The Hydrologic Cycle

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  1. The Hydrologic Cycle

  2. CTDEP 2010

  3. Precipitation • In the form of rain, sleet, snow, fog or hail • Precipitation intensity depends on storm type • Measured in height/time i.e.: inches/day • Return Period: estimate of time between storms of a given intensity

  4. (Miller et al 2002)

  5. Evaporation and Transpiration • Both pathways for water atmospheric entry • Evaporation occurs when liquid vaporizes, usually via solar energy • Transpiration occurs when plants respire • These actions feed cloud formation

  6. (NASA 2010)

  7. Infiltration and Percolation • Processes of water entering and filtering through soil, respectively • This is how ground water ‘recharges’ • Infiltration is greatly reduced in impervious and compacted areas (i.e.: construction) • Water that is not infiltrated runs off into nearby water bodies and contains any contaminants in the way

  8. Hydrologic Cycle Balancing Simulation of when infiltration > precipitation: http://www.nwas.org/meetings/nwa2006/Broadcast/Kelsch/watersheds/media/flash/infilt_runoff_ltrain.swf Simulation of when precipitation > infiltration: (unavailable) http://www.nwas.org/meetings/nwa2006/Broadcast/Kelsch/watersheds/media/flash/infilt_runoff_hvyrain.swf (NWAS, 2010)

  9. (NEMO, 2010) (NEMO, 2010) (NWAS, 2010)

  10. Relevance • If we increase infiltration and percolation, runoff can be decreased. • Hydrologic structures (dams and weirs) must be able to withstand an appropriate return period (50, or 100 year) • The best result is a cycle is balanced so that all storm water can be infiltrated

  11. Our Goal:

  12. Works Cited CT DEP “Water.” Online Available: http://www.ct.gov/dep/cwp/view.asp?a=2719&q=325520&depNav_GID=1654 Retrieved 20 October 2010. Miller, David R.; Warner, Glenn S.; Ogden, Fred L.; and DeGaetano, Arthur T., "Precipitation in Connecticut" (2002). Special Reports. Paper 36. Online Available: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/ctiwr_specreports/36 Retrieved 19 October 2010. NASA. “Modeling Evapotranspiration.” Online Available: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WaterWatchers/page3.php Retrieved 21October 2010. NEMO. “Impervious Surfaces.” University of Connecticut Center for Land Use Education and Research. Online Available: http://nemo.uconn.edu/tools/impervious_surfaces/index.htm Retrieved 14 October 2010. NWAS. “Watersheds: Connecting Weather to the Environment.” Online Available: http://www.nwas.org/meetings/nwa2006/Broadcast/Kelsch/watersheds/u5_assets.htmRetrieved 21 October 2010.

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